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Vol. 50, Issue 1, 89-106, March 1998
Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
I. Introduction
II. The Anion Transport System
A. Energetics
B. Anion Selectivity
III. Chemistry, Metabolism, and Distribution of Perchlorate
A. Chemistry
B. Distribution and Metabolism of Perchlorate
IV. Transport Effects of Perchlorate
A. Competition for Iodide
B. Locus of the Perchlorate Effect
C. Stimulated Efflux?
V. Anomalous Antigoitrogenic Effect of Perchlorate
VI. The Clinical Use of Perchlorate
A. Treatment of Thyrotoxicosis
B. Perchlorate Toxicity
VII. Amiodarone
A. 5'-Deiodinase Effects
B. Direct Thyroid Amiodarone Toxicity
C. Amiodarone and Iodide Excess
D. Amiodarone-Induced Thyrotoxicosis
E. Amiodarone and Hypothyroidism
VIII. The Perchlorate Discharge Test
A. Kinetic Considerations
1. k1 Effects.
2. k-1 Effects.
3. k2 Effects.
4. k-2 Effects.
5. k3 Effects.
B. The Iodide-Perchlorate Test
C. Examples of Iodide Excess
D. Examples of Organification Defects
E. Ectopic Thyroid Tissue
IX. Summary
Acknowledgments
References
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