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Vol. 50, Issue 2, 315-333, June 1998

Retinoid Metabolism in the Skin

Thomas C. Roosa, Frank K. Jugert, Hans F. Merk and David R. Bickers

Department of Dermatology (T.C.R., F.K.J, H.F.M.), University Clinic of the RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany and Department of Dermatology (D.R.B.), Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York

I. Introduction
II. Absorption, Transport, and Storage
III. Retinoid Biosynthesis
    A. Alcohol/Retinol Dehydrogenases and Short-Chain Dehydrogenases/Reductases
    B. Aldehyde/Retinal Dehydrogenases and Cytochrome P450
IV. Retinoid Binding Proteins
    A. Cellular Retinoid Binding Proteins-I and -II
    B. Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Proteins-I and -II
V. Retinoid Catabolism
    A. Retinoic Acid Metabolites
    B. Cytochrome P450-Isoenzymes
VI. Modulation of Retinoid Metabolism: Pharmacological Interactions
    A. Retinoids and Skin Malignancies
    B. Retinoid Resistance
    C. Retinoids and Disorders of Keratinization
    D. Other Modulators of Retinoid Metabolism
VII. Conclusions and Perspectives
    A. Retinoid-Drug Combinations in Dermatologic Therapy
    B. Retinoid Receptor Agonists/Antagonists
    C. Future Directions
Acknowledgement
References

a   Address for correspondence: Thomas C. Roos, Laboratories for Experimental Dermatology, Retinoid and Vitamin D Metabolism, 2-36-3 Department of Dermatology, University Clinic of the RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany. E-mail: tcroos{at}imib.rwth-aachen.de.

0031-6997/98/5002-0315$03.00/0
PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS
Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics


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