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Vol. 51, Issue 3, 465-502, September 1999

Regulation of beta -Adrenoceptor Signaling in Cardiac Function and Disease

Nduna Dzimiri1

Cardiovascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

I. Introduction
II. The Cardiac beta -Adrenoceptor Signaling Pathway
    A. Structure, Localization, and Function of beta -Adrenoceptors
    B. Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Proteins
    C. Adenylyl Cyclases
    D. Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
    E. The G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase Family
    F. The Arrestin Family
III. The beta -Adrenoceptor Signaling Circuits
    A. Receptor-G Protein-Adenylyl Cyclase Circuit
    B. Adenylyl Cyclase Catalytic Circuit
    C. cAMP-Protein Kinase-Effector Circuit
IV. Cardiac Receptor Cross-Talk and beta -Adrenoceptor Signaling
V. Factors Regulating beta -Adrenoceptor Signaling
    A. Receptor Desensitization, Uncoupling, and Down-Regulation
    B. Regulation of beta -Adrenoceptor Turnover
VI. Regulation of beta -Adrenoceptor Functional Expression in Cardiac Disease
    A. beta -Adrenoceptor Functional Expression in Heart Failure
    B. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
    C. Left Ventricular Overload Diseases
    D. Hypertension
    E. Ischemic Heart Diseases
    F. Cardiac Hypoxic Disorders
    G. Congenital Heart Diseases
    H. beta -Adrenoceptor Gene Polymorphism in Cardiac Disease
VII. Implications of Receptor Cross-Talk for Signal Transduction in Cardiac Disease
    A. Adrenoceptor Signaling and Manifestation of Cardiac Disease
    B. Receptor Cross-Talk and beta -Adrenoceptor Signaling in Cardiac Disease
VIII. Implications of Altered beta -Adrenoceptor Signaling for the Management of Cardiac Diseases
IX. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References

1   Address for correspondence: Dr. Nduna Dzimiri, Biological and Medical Research Department (MBC-03), King Faisal Specialist Hospital, P.O. Box 3353, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia. E-mail: dzimiri{at}kfshrc.edu.sa.

0031-6997/99/5103-0465$03.00/0
PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics


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