CNS | | | | | |
Inhibition—neuronal firing in the SCN | MT1 | Increase in K+ conductance? | SCN | MT1-KO | Liu et al., 1997; Jin et al., 2003 |
Inhibition—PACAP-stimulated CREB phosphorylation | MT1 | cAMP Inhibition | SCN | MT1-KO | von Gall et al., 2000 |
| | | | MT1MT2-KO | Jin et al., 2003 |
Phase shift—circadian rhythm of neuronal firing rhythms in the SCN brain slice | MT1 | UNK | SCN | MT1-KO | Liu et al., 1997; Dubocovich et al., 2005 |
| MT2 | PKC activation | | 4P-PDOT | Hunt et al., 2001 |
Phase shift—circadian rhythm of wheel activity | MT1 | UNK | | MT1-KO | Dubocovich et al., 2005 |
| | | | MT2-KO | |
| | | | MT1MT2-KO | |
Inhibition—dopamine release from rabbit retina | MT2 | UNK | Rabbit retina | Correlation between antagonist KB in retina and Ki values on MT2 recombinant receptors | Dubocovich et al., 1997 |
Inhibition—long term potentiation | MT2 | cAMP/PKA Inhibition | Hippocampus | 4P-PDOT | Wang et al., 2005 |
| | | | MT2-KO | |
| | | | Luzindole | |
| | | | 4P-PDOT | |
Hypothalamic-Hypophyseal-Gonadal Axis | | | | | |
Inhibition—prolactin secretion | MT1 | UNK | Anterior pituitary | MT1-KO | von Gall et al., 2002a |
Regulation of Per1 gene expression | MT1 | cAMP Inhibition | Anterior pituitary | MT1-KO | von Gall et al., 2002a |
Inhibition—Testosterone secretion | MT1 | cAMP inhibition | Leydig cells in testis | Luzindole | Frungieri et al., 2005 |
| | | | MT1 antibody | |
Inhibition—Cortisol secretion | MT1 | Corticotropin/CRH inhibition | Adrenal from Capuchin monkey | Luzindole | Torres-Farfan et al., 2003, 2004 |
Regulation of oxytocin receptor gene expression and contractility in uterus | MT2 | PLC, PKC activation | Human myometrium | 4P-PDOT | Sharkey and Olcese, 2007; Sharkey et al. 2009 |
Regulation of photoperiodic information | MT1 | Type 2 and 3 deiodinase | Pars tuberalis | MT1-KO | Yasuo et al., 2009 |
| | | | MT2-KO | |
| | | | MT1MT2-KO | |
Cardiovascular | | | | | |
Vasoconstriction | MT1 | Activation of BKCa channel | Rat caudal artery | Luzindole | Krause et al., 1995; Geary et al., 1997, 1998; Viswanathan et al., 1997; Ting et al., 1999 |
| | | Cerebral arteries | | |
Vasodilation | MT2 | UNK | Rat caudal artery | 4P-ADOT | Doolen et al., 1998; Masana et al., 2002 |
| | | | 4P-PDOT | |
Immune | | | | | |
Increase—splenocyte proliferation (i.e., cell-mediated immunity) | MT2 | UNK | Spleen | MT1-KO | Drazen and Nelson, 2001 |
Increase—serum anti-keyhole IgG concentrations (i.e., humoral immunity) | MT2 | UNK | T cells | MT1-KO | Drazen and Nelson, 2001 |
Inhibition of leukocyte rolling | MT2 | UNK | Microvasculature | 4P-PDOT | Lotufo et al., 2001 |
Metabolism | | | | | |
Inhibition—insulin secretion | MT1 | cAMP inhibition | Pancreatic β-cells | 4P-PDOT | Peschke et al., 2000, 2002; Kemp et al., 2002; Mühlbauer et al., 2009 |
| | GLP-1 inhibition | | Luzindole | |
| | | | MT1-KO | |
| | | | MT2-KO | |
| | | | MT1MT2-KO | |
Inhibition—insulin secretion | MT2 | cAMP Inhibition | Pancreatic β-cells | MT1-KO | Mühlbauer et al., 2009 |
| | | | MT2-KO | |
| | | | MT1MT2-KO | |
Increased leptin production | MT1 | cAMP | Epididymal adipocytes | 4P-PDOT | Alonso-Vale et al., 2005 |
| | | | Luzindole | |
Cancer | | | | | |
Inhibition—cancer cell proliferation | MT1 | cAMP | Breast tumor | 4P-PDOT | Dauchy et al., 2003; Blask et al., 2005a,b |
| | Linoleic acid uptake | Rat hepatoma | Luzindole | |
| | 13-HODE production | | S20928 | |
Inhibition—cell proliferation | MT2 | cAMP | JAr cells | Luzindole | Shiu et al., 1999; Dauchy et al., 2003 |
| | Linoleic acid uptake | Rat hepatoma | 4P-PDOT | |
| | 13-HODE production | | | |