Sensitization to the reinforcing effects of cocaine following binge-abstinent self-administration

Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2004 Jan;27(8):803-12. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2003.11.004.

Abstract

The process of addiction in humans involves a transition from recreational drug use to compulsive drug-taking. To understand or study this behavioral phenomenon from a neurobiological perspective, behavioral models that reflect this process are necessary. Data from typical (restricted access) self-administration procedures demonstrate a stable pattern of responding over time, and thus fail to capture the transitional phases of this process. Here we describe the development of a model that incorporates self-administration-induced changes in the reinforcing efficacy of cocaine, assessed using a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement to probe the 'motivational' state of the animal. To date we have identified two necessary conditions for the development of this sensitization: extended access to cocaine and a deprivation period. This model, in conjunction with recently developed tools to characterize neurochemical and epigenetic changes, will provide a better understanding of the neurobiological bases of the addiction process.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Behavior, Addictive
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / pharmacology
  • Cocaine / administration & dosage
  • Cocaine / pharmacology*
  • Cocaine-Related Disorders
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Humans
  • Motor Activity / drug effects
  • Narcotics / administration & dosage
  • Narcotics / pharmacology*
  • Reinforcement Schedule
  • Reinforcement, Psychology*
  • Self Administration

Substances

  • Central Nervous System Stimulants
  • Narcotics
  • Cocaine