RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXXIX. Update on the Extended Family of Chemokine Receptors and Introducing a New Nomenclature for Atypical Chemokine Receptors JF Pharmacological Reviews JO Pharmacol Rev FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics SP 1 OP 79 DO 10.1124/pr.113.007724 VO 66 IS 1 A1 Francoise Bachelerie A1 Adit Ben-Baruch A1 Amanda M. Burkhardt A1 Christophe Combadiere A1 Joshua M. Farber A1 Gerard J. Graham A1 Richard Horuk A1 Alexander Hovard Sparre-Ulrich A1 Massimo Locati A1 Andrew D. Luster A1 Alberto Mantovani A1 Kouji Matsushima A1 Philip M. Murphy A1 Robert Nibbs A1 Hisayuki Nomiyama A1 Christine A. Power A1 Amanda E. I. Proudfoot A1 Mette M. Rosenkilde A1 Antal Rot A1 Silvano Sozzani A1 Marcus Thelen A1 Osamu Yoshie A1 Albert Zlotnik A2 Eliot H. Ohlstein YR 2014 UL http://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/content/66/1/1.abstract AB Sixteen years ago, the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology approved a system for naming human seven-transmembrane (7TM) G protein-coupled chemokine receptors, the large family of leukocyte chemoattractant receptors that regulates immune system development and function, in large part by mediating leukocyte trafficking. This was announced in Pharmacological Reviews in a major overview of the first decade of research in this field [Murphy PM, Baggiolini M, Charo IF, Hébert CA, Horuk R, Matsushima K, Miller LH, Oppenheim JJ, and Power CA (2000) Pharmacol Rev 52:145–176]. Since then, several new receptors have been discovered, and major advances have been made for the others in many areas, including structural biology, signal transduction mechanisms, biology, and pharmacology. New and diverse roles have been identified in infection, immunity, inflammation, development, cancer, and other areas. The first two drugs acting at chemokine receptors have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), maraviroc targeting CCR5 in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS, and plerixafor targeting CXCR4 for stem cell mobilization for transplantation in cancer, and other candidates are now undergoing pivotal clinical trials for diverse disease indications. In addition, a subfamily of atypical chemokine receptors has emerged that may signal through arrestins instead of G proteins to act as chemokine scavengers, and many microbial and invertebrate G protein-coupled chemokine receptors and soluble chemokine-binding proteins have been described. Here, we review this extended family of chemokine receptors and chemokine-binding proteins at the basic, translational, and clinical levels, including an update on drug development. We also introduce a new nomenclature for atypical chemokine receptors with the stem ACKR (atypical chemokine receptor) approved by the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology and the Human Genome Nomenclature Committee.