Transcription factors found to interact with CB1R and CB2R promoters using high-throughput ChIP (ChIP-Chip or ChIP-Seq) experiments
The selection of studies was found through the Chromatin Enrichment Analysis database (ChEA) (http://amp.pharm.mssm.edu/lib/chea.jsp) (Lachmann et al., 2010). Transcription factor functions are adapted from MetaCore database (http://www.genego.com/metacore.php).
| Transcription Factor | References | Cell line | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| CB1R | |||
| AR (androgen receptor) | Lin et al., 2009 | Human prostate cancer PC3 cells | Activates transcription of androgen responsive genes to affect cell proliferation and differentiation. |
| SUZ12 (suppressor of zeste 12) | Boyer et al., 2006; Ku et al., 2008; Marson et al., 2008 | Mouse ES cells | Component of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, which represses target genes by methylating lysine residues on histone H3. Complex may also repress transcription by recruiting DNA methyltransferases. |
| EED (embryonic ectoderm development) | Boyer et al., 2006 | Mouse ES cells | Also a component of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex (see above). |
| CREM (cAMP responsive element modulator) | Martianov et al., 2010 | Mouse germ cells | Binds the CRE; isoforms are either activators or repressors. |
| JARID2 (jumonji, AT rich interactive domain 2) | Peng et al., 2009; Pasini et al., 2010 | Mouse ES cells | Regulates histone methyltransferase complexes. |
| REST/NRSF (RE1-silencing transcription factor/ neuron restrictive silencer factor) | Abrajano et al., 2009 | Mouse neurons | Binds NRSEs and represses neuronal gene expression via recruitment of the BHC (see below). |
| RCor1/CoREST (REST corepressor 1) | Abrajano et al., 2009 | Mouse neurons | Component of the BHC that is recruited to NRSE sites by REST, where it deacetylates and demethylates histones and thus represses neuronal gene expression. |
| RNF2 (ring finger protein 2) | Boyer et al., 2006 | Mouse ES cells | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that regulates monoubiquitination of histone H2A lysine residues, a repressive mark. |
| CUX-1 (cut-like homeobox 1) | Kedinger et al., 2009 | Several human cancer cell lines | Part of the homeodomain family of DNA binding proteins; may regulate differentiation and cell cycle progression. |
| CB2R | |||
| EP300 (E1A binding protein p300) | Blow et al., 2010 | Mouse embryonic heart tissue | Binds phosphorylated CREB and functions as a histone acetyltransferase. Important in cell proliferation and differentiation, and thought to have a role in the stimulation of hypoxia-induced genes. |
| ERG (v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog) | Wilson et al., 2010 | Mouse HPC7 hematopoietic progenitor cells | Recruits SETDB1 histone methyltransferase to target genes. |
| STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) | Kwon et al., 2009 | Mouse CD4 Ts | Activated by phosphorylation upon cell stimulation by cytokines and growth factors. Has broad functions, including cell growth and apoptosis. |
| GATA3 (GATA binding protein 3) | Kidder and Palmer, 2010 | Mouse trophoblast stem cells | Regulates T-cell development. |
CRE, cAMP response element; NRSE, neuron-restrictive silencer elements; BHC, BRAF-HDAC complex; REST, RE1-silencing transcription factor; CREB, cAMP response element-binding protein.