Table 3

The catabolism of retinoic acid to polar metabolites

EnzymeLocusReactionBinding protein/function
Cytochrome P450-isoenzymesMicrosomal
 P450RAIRetinoic acid → 4-OH-retinoic acidCRABP-retinoic acid/substrate
 CYP1A1Retinoic acid → 4-OH-retinoic acidCRABP-retinoic acid/substrate
 CYP1A2
 CYP2B4
 CYP2C3
 CYP2E1, 2
 CYP2G2
 CYP3A