GST Class | Presence in the Liver | Presence in the Kidney | Variability in Humans |
---|---|---|---|
α/A | Predominant form in human, mouse, and rabbit1-a | Predominant form in rats, rabbits, mice, and humans1-b | Minimal1-c |
μ/M | Present in rabbit and mouse1-d | Low levels in rat distal tubules1-c | ? |
None in human proximal tubules1-e | |||
Present at relative high levels in rabbit and mouse1-d | |||
π/P | Abundantly present in rat and rabbit cytosol1-f | Absent in rat,1-g | Perhaps most variable of all isoenzymes |
Reported in biliary ducts only1-h | Clearly but variably present in rabbit and human cytosol1-i | ||
Highly variable levels in human cytosol1-e | |||
Some expression in loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubules, and collecting duct of humans1-j | |||
θ/T | Undetectable in rat1-g | Present in human kidney cytosol1-e 1-k | Some variability reported in kidney1-k |
Diffuse immunohistochemical staining in mouse pericentral hepatocytes1-l | Undetectable in rat1-g | Little apparent variability in kidney1-e | |
Low levels reported in rat, much higher levels in mouse1-m | Detected in mouse glomerular mesangial cells and collecting duct1-l | ||
Z/Z | Recently discovered and described in large range of species, including humans1-n | ? | Four polymorphic variants1-o |
References cited:
↵1-a Campbell et al., 1991; Overby et al., 1994; Mitchell et al., 1997.
↵1-b Campbell et al., 1991; Overby et al., 1994;Mitchell et al., 1997; Rodilla et al., 1998; Cummings et al., 2000b.
↵1-c Cummings et al., 2000b.
↵1-d Overby et al., 1994; Mitchell et al., 1997.
↵1-e Cummings et al., 2000a.
↵1-f Cummings et al., 1999.
↵1-g Cummings et al., 1991.
↵1-h Terrier et al., 1990; Campbell et al., 1991.
↵1-i Rodilla et al., 1998.
↵1-j Terrier et al., 1990.
↵1-k Veitch et al., 1997.
↵1-l Quondamatteo et al., 1998.
↵1-m Mainwaring et al., 1998.
↵1-n Board et al., 1997.
↵1-o Tzeng et al., 2000. ? = unknown.