PDE enzyme function(s)
| PDE Family | Function(s) |
|---|---|
| PDE1 | PDE1A probably serves to regulate vascular smooth muscle contraction and may play a role in sperm function; PDE1B is involved in dopaminergic signaling as well as immune cell activation and survival; PDE1C is required for vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and may also regulate sperm function and neuronal signaling |
| PDE2 | PDE2 frequently mediates cross-talk between cGMP and cAMP pathways; it regulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal gland, cAMP and PKA phosphorylation of Ca+2 channels in the heart, cGMP in neurons, long-term memory, and barrier function of endothelial cells under inflammatory conditions |
| PDE3 | PDE3A regulates cardiac contractility, platelet aggregation, vascular smooth muscle contraction, oocyte maturation, and regulation of renin release; PDE3B mediates insulin signaling, especially its antilipolytic effects; PDE3B also regulates cell cycle/proliferation and mediates the inhibitory effects of leptin and other signals on insulin secretion and renin release |
| PDE4 | At least one form is expressed in most cells, and PDE4s play roles in a wide array of processes, including brain function, monocyte and macrophage activation, neutrophil infiltration, vascular smooth muscle proliferation, fertility, vasodilation, and cardiac contractility |
| PDE5 | PDE5 is a well-documented regulator of vascular smooth muscle contraction, especially in penis and lung; it is involved in NO-cGMP signaling in platelets to control aggregation and may also play a role in regulation of cGMP signaling in the brain |
| PDE6 | PDE6 is involved in signal transduction of the photoresponse in the eye; it may also regulate melatonin release from the pineal gland |
| PDE7 | PDE7 is implicated to play a role in T-cell activation and activation of other inflammatory cells |
| PDE8 | PDE8 may play a role in T cell activation, sperm, or leydig cell function |
| PDE9 | The function of PDE9 is currently unknown, but it has been postulated to regulate NO-cGMP signaling in the brain |
| PDE10 | PDE10A is thought to be a regulator of cGMP in the brain and may play a role in learning and memory |
| PDE11 | PDE11 possibly has a role in sperm development and function |