TABLE 2

ALDH isozymes involved in the metabolism of DOPAL

ALDH Isozyme Reported Isozyme Description Sourcea Subcellular Location of ActivitybKm for DOPAL References
ALDH1A1 ALDH-E1 H liver Cytosol 0.4 μM MacKerell et al. (1986); Ambroziak and Pietruszko (1991)
ALDH2 ALDH2 H recombinantc Mitochondria N.D. Florang et al. (2006)
ALDH2 ALDH-E2 H Liver Mitochondria 1.0 μM MacKerell et al. (1986); Ambroziak and Pietruszko (1991)
ALDH2 Low Km MT ALDH H brain Mitochondria (MX) 4.2 μM Maring et al. (1985)
ALDH3A1 ALDH3A1 H recombinantc Cytosol 15 μM S. Marchitti and V. Vasiliou, unpublished data
ALDH9A1 ALDH-E3 H liver Cytosol 2.6 μM Ambroziak and Pietruszko (1991)
ALDH1A1 ALDH-II H liver Cytosol 17 μM Harada et al. (1982)
Unknown Similar to liver ALDH-E1 H brain Cytosol 3 μM Ryzlak and Pietruszko (1987)
Unknown Low Km cytosolic ALDH H brain Cytosol 1.5 μM Maring et al. (1985)
Unknown Cytosolic ALDHs (5 isozymes) R liver Cytosol Range: 5 μM-3 mM Tank et al. (1981)
Unknown Similar to liver ALDH-E2 H brain Mitochondria <1 μM Ryzlak and Pietruszko (1987)
Unknown Similar to liver ALDH-E2 H Brain Mitochondria 0.5 μM Ryzlak and Pietruszko, (1987)
Unknown Low Km MT ALDH R Brain Mitochondria (MX) 0.3 μM Pettersson and Tottmar (1982)
Unknown High Km MT ALDH R Brain Mitochondria (MX) 31 μM Pettersson and Tottmar (1982)
Unknown High Km MT ALDH H Brain Mitochondria (MB) 197 μM Maring et al. (1985)
Unknown MT ALDH B Brain MT Mitochondria 10 μM Erwin and Deitrich (1966)
Unknown MT ALDHs (3 isozymes) R Liver Mitochondria Range: <1-180 μM Tank et al. (1981)
Unknown MC ALDH R Liver Microsomes 450 μM Tank et al. (1981)
Unknown ALDH-II H Brain Cytosol, mitochondria MT 2 mM; C 2 mM Hafer et al. (1987)
Unknown High-affinity ALDH T Brain Cytosol, mitochondria 3.7 μMd Nilsson (1988)
Unknown Low-affinity ALDH T Brain Cytosol, mitochondria 150 μMc Nilsson (1988)
Unknown ALDH-I and ALDH-II H brain SN C, MC, MT, N N.D. Agarwal et al. (1982)
Unknown ALDH-I H brain C, MC, MT MT 0.3 mM; MC 35 mM C 0.6 mM Hafer et al. (1987)
Unknown Low-affinity ALDH R Brain N.D. 60 μM Nilsson (1988)
Unknown High-affinity ALDH R Brain N.D. 0.5 μM Nilsson (1988)

  • ↵ a The source of ALDH protein is abbreviated as follows: human (H), rat (R), or rainbow trout (T)

  • ↵ b The subcellular location of DOPAL-oxidizing activity is abbreviated as follows: N.D., not detected; MT, mitochondrial; MC, microsomal; C, cytosolic; MX, mitochondrial matrix; MB, mitochondrial, membrane-bound; N, nucleus

  • ↵ c Recombinant purified protein

  • ↵ d A Km was given, but it was unclear as to which subcellular compartment it referred to