Weight loss | Orlistat | Pancreatic lipase inhibitor; inhibits gastrointestinal fat uptake, reduces lipid overload via reduction of plasma lipids | Zelber-Sagi et al., 2006; Hussein et al., 2007 |
Insulin sensitizing | Pioglitazone | PPARγ agonist; redistribution of hepatic lipids to peripheral organs, reduced intrahepatic fat | Bajaj et al., 2004; Promrat et al., 2004; Sanyal et al., 2004; Jung et al., 2005; Belfort et al., 2006; Reynaert et al., 2005; Balas et al., 2007; Lutchman et al., 2007; Merat and Malekzadeh, 2007; Ratziu et al., 2008 |
Lipid lowering | Atorvastatin | HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor; reduces serum cholesterol, reduces lipid overload via reduction of plasma lipids | Horlander et al., 1997; Kiyici et al., 2003; Hatzitolios et al., 2004; Antonopoulos et al., 2006; Athyros et al, 2006; Gómez-Domínguez et al., 2006 |
Antioxidant strategies | Vitamin E | ROS scavenger, reduces oxidative stress | Harrison et al., 2003a; Vajro et al., 2004; Loguercio et al., 2007; Yakaryilmaz et al., 2007; Machado et al., 2008 |
Antiapoptotic strategies | 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid | Unknown mechanism, prevention of lipotoxic effects (lysosomal and mitochondrial pathways), in vitro and animal models |
Wu et al., 2008
|
Antiinflammatory strategies | Infliximab | TNF-α antibodies; inhibition of TNF-α-mediated activation of leukocytes and effects on other cell types | Li et al., 2003; Barbuio et al., 2007; Koca et al., 2008 |
Antiplatelet strategies | Ticlopidine | ADP receptor inhibitor, inhibition of platelet aggregation |
Fujita et al., 2008
|
Antifibrotic strategies | Losartan | Inhibition of AT II receptor, reduces stellate cell proliferation and collagen production | Yokohama et al, 2004; Georgescu and Georgescu, 2007 |
Others | Exenatide | Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) analog, stimulation of IR, reduction of intrahepatic fat |
Tushuizen et al., 2006
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| Dietary n-3 PUFAs | Activation of fatty acid oxidation, reduced De novo lipid synthesis, ROS scavenger, antilipotoxic effects (improvement of hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance) | Sekiya et al., 2003; Capanni et al., 2006; Le Foll et al., 2007; Allard et al., 2008; Machado et al., 2008 |