Gene | Effect | Comment | System | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
ABCA1 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | Cultured human muscle | Sprecher et al., 2007 |
ACADL | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | Rat muscle | Jucker et al., 2007 |
ACSL4 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | Rat muscle | Jucker et al., 2007 |
ADFP | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | C2C12 myotubes | Wang et al., 2003 |
Angiopoietin-like protein 4 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation Long-chain fatty acids | Rat muscle Cultured human muscle C2C12 myotubes | Jucker et al., 2007; Staiger et al., 2009 |
COX II | ↑ | Constitutively active PPARδ | Mouse muscle | Tanaka et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2004 |
COX IV | ↑ | Constitutively active PPARd Pharmacological activation | Mouse muscle | Wang et al., 2004 |
m-CPT1 | ↑ | Constitutively active PPARd Pharmacological activation | Mouse muscle Cultured primary mouse muscle Cultured human muscle C2C12 myotubes Rat muscle Human vastus lateralis (in vivo) | Muoio et al., 2002; Dressel et al., 2003; Tanaka et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2004; Jucker et al., 2007; Krämer et al., 2007; Sprecher et al., 2007; Narkar et al., 2008; Risérus et al., 2008; Kleiner et al., 2009 |
Cytochrome C | ↑ | Constitutively active PPARδ | Mouse muscle | Tanaka et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2004 |
FABP3 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation Overexpression of PPARδ | Cultured human muscleMouse muscleC2 C12 myotubes | Dressel et al., 2003; Luquet et al., 2003; Krämer et al., 2007; Seth et al., 2007 |
FAT/CD36 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation Overexpression of PPARδ | C2C12 myotubes Cultured human muscle | Dressel et al., 2003; Holst et al., 2003; Sprecher et al., 2007 |
FoxO1 | ↑ | Overexpression of PPARδ | C2C12 myotubes | Nahlé et al., 2008 |
H-FABP | ↑ | Pharmacological activation Overexpression of PPARδ | C2C12 myotubes | Holst et al., 2003 |
GLUT4/SLC2A4 | ↓ | Pharmacological activation | Rat muscle | Jucker et al., 2007 |
IMPA2 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | Rat muscle | Jucker et al., 2007 |
LPL | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | C2C12 myotubes | Dressel et al., 2003 |
MAFbx | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | In vivo rat muscle | Constantin et al., 2007 |
Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | Cultured human muscle | Muoio et al., 2002 |
MuRF1 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | In vivo rat muscle | Constantin et al., 2007 |
Myf5 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | In vivo mouse muscle | Gaudel et al., 2008 |
MyoD1 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | In vivo mouse muscle | Gaudel et al., 2008 |
Myoglobin | ↑ | Constitutively active PPARδ | In vivo mouse muscle | Tanaka et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2004 |
SCD1 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | C2C12 myotubes | Dressel et al., 2003 |
SCD2 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | C2C12 myotubes | Dressel et al., 2003 |
SREBP1c | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | C2C12 myotubes | Dressel et al., 2003 |
PECAM1 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | In vivo mouse muscle | Gaudel et al., 2008 |
PEPCK | ↓ | Pharmacological activation | Mouse muscle | Chen et al., 2008 |
PDK2 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | Cultured human muscle In vivo rat muscle | Abbot et al., 2005; Constantin et al., 2007 |
PDK4 | ↑ | Pharmacological activation Overexpression | Cultured human muscle Mouse muscle C2C12 myotubes Rat muscle | Muoio et al., 2002; Dressel et al., 2003; Tanaka et al., 2003; Abbot et al., 2005; Constantin et al., 2007; Jucker et al., 2007; Krämer et al., 2007; Sprecher et al., 2007; Narkar et al., 2008; Kleiner et al., 2009 |
Troponin I | ↑ | Constitutively active PPARd Pharmacological activation | Mouse muscle | Tanaka et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2004 |
UCP2 | ↑ | Constitutively active PPARd Pharmacological activation | Cultured human muscleRat muscle Mouse muscle | Chevillotte et al., 2001; Wang et al., 2004; Jucker et al., 2007; Chen et al., 2008 |
UCP3 | ↑ | Constitutively active PPARd Overexpression Pharmacological activation | Cultured human muscle Rat muscle C2C12 cells Mouse muscle | Son et al., 2001; Muoio et al., 2002; Wang et al., 2004; Jucker et al., 2007; Narkar et al., 2008; Kleiner et al., 2009 |
VEGF-A | ↑ | Pharmacological activation | In vivo mouse muscle | Gaudel et al., 2008 |
↑, increase; ↓, decrease; ↔, no change; ABCA1, ATP-binding cassette transporter protein-A1; ACADL, Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase long chain, ACSL4, acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4; ADFP, adipocyte differentiation-related protein; COX, cytochrome oxidase; m-CPT1, muscle carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1; IMPA2, inositol(myo)-1(or 4)-monophosphatase 2; FABP3, fatty acid binding protein 3; H-FABP, heart fatty acid binding protein; LPL, lipoprotein lipase; PEPCK, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase; PDK4, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4; SCD, stearoyl CoA desaturase; UCP, uncoupling protein; VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor A.