TABLE 1

Disorders associated with altered peripheral L-glutamate levels

Pathological Conditionl-Glutamate SourceReferences
Increased l-glutamate levels
    Acute and chronic myeloid leukemiaPlasmaSingh et al., 1989
    ArthritisSynovial fluidFlood et al., 2007; McNearney et al., 2000
    CancerPlasmaDröge et al., 1987, 1988
    GlaucomaVitreous bodyDreyer et al., 1996
    Immune deficiency-HIVPlasmaFerrarese et al., 2001
    Inflamed skinSkinNordlind et al., 1993
    MigrainePlasmaVaccaro et al., 2007
Decreased l-glutamate levels
    EmphysemaSkeletal muscleEngelen et al., 2000
    PeriodontitisGingival fluidTéllez et al., 2008
    Sepsis with acute liver dysfunctionPlasmaPoeze et al., 2008