TABLE 1

Size comparisons for physical delivery in immunology applications

Particle Sizes	Polymer	Delivery Method	Measured Immune Response	Efficient Size	Reference
110 nm, 800–900 nm	PLGA (RG 503)	I.P., I.M., I.N./I.M.	IgG1/IgG2 level	No difference	Wendorf et al., 2008
1–10 μm, >10 μm	PLGA	S.C.	IgG	1–10 μm	Eldridge et al., 1991
1.5 μm, 72.6 μm	PLGA	S.C.	IgG	1.5 μm	O'Hagan et al., 1993
200 nm, 500 nm, 1 μm	PLGA (RG 506)	S.C., P.O., I.N.	IgG2a/IgG1	No difference	Gutierro et al., 2002
<500nm, 2 μm, >7 μm	PLGA (RG 505)	I.P.	T-cell activation	<500 nm	Nixon et al., 1996
200–600 nm, 1.5–4.7 μm	PLGA (RG 505)	Parenteral	T-cell activation	200–600 nm primed the Th2 response, whereas 1.5–4.7 μm induced the Th1 response	Conway et al., 2001
7.5, 15.7, 40.4, 50.0 μm	PLLA	I.P., S.C.	IgG	I.P., 7.5 μm; S.C., no difference	Nakaoka et al., 1996
1, 4, 7, 15, 21 μm	PDLLA	P.O.	IgG	4 μm	Tabata et al., 1996
4, 7, 26 μm	PDLLA	P.O.	IgA	7 μm	Tabata et al., 1996
<2, 2–8, 10–70, 50–150 μm	PDLLA	I.M.	IgG	2–8 μm	Katare et al., 2005
200 nm, 1.5 μm	PEG-PLA	I.N.	IgG and IgA	No difference	Vila et al., 2004
100 nm, 500 nm, >1 μm	SB(43)-PVAL-g-PLGA	P.O., I.N.	IgG and IgA	P.O., 100 nm; I.N., 100 and 500 nm	Jung et al., 2001
0.4, 1, 3 μm	Chitosan	I.N.	IgG and IgA	IgG production, no difference; IgA production, 0.4 and 1 μm	Nagamoto et al., 2004
35 nm, 3.5 μm	pH-sensitive hydrogel	S.C.	T-cell activation	No difference	Cohen et al., 2009

I.N., intranasal; PLLA, poly(l-lactic acid); PDLLA, poly(dl-lactic acid); SB(43)-PVAL-g-PLGA, sulfobutylated poly(vinyl alcohol)-graft-poly(lactide-coglycolide).