Disease/Model | Species and Strain | Sex | Start Age or Size | Injection Site | Antagonist and Dose | Injection Regimen | Outcomes | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CFA-induced inflammation | Wistar rats | M | ∼250 g | i.p.l. | 56–336 µM oATP | 24 hours after i.p.l. CFA injection | Dose-dependently increased paw pressure threshold (reduced hyperalgesia) in inflamed paws | Dell'Antonio et al., 2002b |
CFA-induced inflammation | Wistar rats | M | ∼250 g | i.p.l. or i.v. | 168 µM oATP | 24 hours after i.p.l. CFA or 3 hours after i.v. CFA/fucoidin injection | Increased paw pressure threshold (reduced hyperalgesia) and reduced edema and ATP levels in inflamed paws | Dell'Antonio et al., 2002a |
CFA-induced inflammation | Sprague-Dawley rats | M | 200–300 g | i.p. | 14–142 mg/kg A740003 | 47.5 hours after i.p.l. CFA injection | Dose-dependently reduced thermal hyperalgesia but not paw edema | Honore et al., 2006 |
CFA-induced inflammation | Sprague-Dawley rats | M | 200–300 g | i.p | 30–300 µmol/kg A839977 | 48 hours after i.p.l. CFA injection | Dose-dependently reduced thermal hyperalgesia | Honore et al., 2009 |
CFA-induced inflammation | BALB/c and IL-1αβ KO mice | M | 20–25 g | s.c. | 10–100 µmol/kg A839977 | 48 hours after i.p.l. CFA injection | Dose-dependently reduced thermal hyperalgesia in WT but not IL-1αβ KO mice | Honore et al., 2009 |
CFA-induced inflammation | Wistar rats | M | 200–250 g | i.p. | 3–100 mg/kg BBG | 48 hours after i.p.l. CFA injection | Dose-dependently reduced hyperalgesia but had no effect on edema | Andó et al., 2010 |
CFA/MO-induced chronic arthritis | B6129SF2/J WT and TNFR1/R2 KO mice | N.S. | 6–8 weeks (20–25 g) | i.t. | 50 µg of A438079 | 20 weeks after knee joint cavity CFA injection | Reduced thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia for >3 hours in TNFR1/R2 KO mice | Westlund et al., 2012 |
Anticollagen antibody-induced arthritis | C57BL/6 mice | M | 8 weeks | i.p.l., p.o., or i.p. | 4 mg/kg oATP | 10 days after inducing arthritis | Increased paw withdrawal latency (i.e., reduced hyperalgesia) (all routes) up to 24 hours post-treatment | Fulgenzi et al., 2008 |
Collagen-induced arthritis | Lewis rats | F | 125–175 g | s.c. | 30 mg/kg AACBA | Before collagen injection and once a day after for 21 days (prophylactic) or once a day from 13–21 days after injection (therapeutic) | Prophylactically, but not therapeutically, reduced clinical and histologic scores | Broom et al., 2008 |
Collagen-induced arthritis | DBA/1J mice | M | 8 weeks | i.p. | 3 mM oATP | 100 μl daily for 10 days starting at onset of visible clinical signs | Reduced clinical score, cartilage erosion, infiltrating T cells, and serum type II collagen IgG autoantibodies | Ardissone et al., 2011 |
Bone cancer pain | BALB/cJ and C3H/HeN mice | N.S. | 6–8 weeks | s.c. | 300 µmol/kg A438079 | 14 days post bone cancer operation | Did not improve limb use score or weight-bearing ratio after acute treatment in models with (BALB/cJ) and without (C3H/HeN) astrocyte activation | Hansen et al., 2011 |
Duchenne muscular dystrophy | mdx transgenic mice | M | 3 weeks | i.p. | 125 mg/kg Coomassie Brilliant Blue | Every 3 days from 3–14 weeks of age | Reduced number of degeneration-regeneration cycles in skeletal muscles | Young et al., 2012 |
Duchenne muscular dystrophy | mdx transgenic mice | M | 9 weeks | i.p. | 45.5 mg/kg BBG | Every 48 hours for 3 weeks | Blocked CD62L shedding from blood T cells and restored their capability to migrate to the heart | Cascabulho et al., 2012 |
IL, interleukin; i.p.l., intraplantar; i.t., intrathecal; MO, mustard oil; N.S., not stated; p.o., per os; TNFR, tumor necrosis factor receptor.