Phytochemicals that modify neurotrophic factor signaling
| Phytochemical | Target Tissue/Cells | Effects | Involved Molecular Mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rutin | Frontal cortex of rat brain | Neuroprotective effects against neurotoxicity of Aβ | Increased BDNF, pCREB | Moghbelinejad et al. (2014) |
| Curcumin | Hippocampus and frontal cortex | Effects on the neurotrophin factor expression | Increased BDNF, pCREB | Xu et al. (2006b) |
| β-amyloid–induced rats | Prevent behavioral impairments, neuroinflammation, and τ hyperphosphorylation | Increased BDNF and Akt/GSK-3β | Hoppe et al. (2013) | |
| TNFR1 and TNFR2 double knockout mice | Protect cultured neurons against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity by TNFR2 activation | Increased BDNF | Kawamoto et al. (2013) | |
| Increase levels of phosphor-ERK and Akt | Increased BDNF, pCREB | Wang et al. (2010c) | ||
| Resveratrol | Prefrontal cortex and hippocampus | Effective in promoting astroglia-derived neurotrophic factor release | Increased BDNF, GDNF | Zhang et al. (2012a) |
| Hippocampus of prenatally stressed rat | Improve the expression of DCX-positive neuron | Increased BDNF | Madhyastha et al. (2013) | |
| Hippocampus neural progenitor cells | Deficits in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory | Decreased BDNF-pCREB signaling | Park et al. (2012a) | |
| Ferulic acid | Hippocampus (CORT-treated mice and stress-induced depression-like behavior of mice) | Effects on the mood disorders such as depression | Increased BDNF mRNA | Yabe et al. (2010) |
| Lancemaside A | Hippocampus | Ameliorate memory and learning deficits | Increased BDNF, pCREB | Jung et al. (2012) |
| Heptamethoxyflavone | Hippocampus after ischemia | Induce BDNF production in astrocytes and enhance neurogenesis after brain ischemia | Increased BDNF, pCREB | Okuyama et al. (2012) |
| Oroxylin A | Primary cortical neuronal culture cell | Responsible for the neuroprotective or memory-enhancing effects | Increased BDNF expression | Jeon et al. (2011) |
| Hippocampus | Attenuate the memory impairment and show neuroprotective effects | Increased BDNF, pCREB | Kim et al. (2006) | |
| Procyanidins | Hippocampus and cerebral cortex | Enhance CREB-dependent transcription through the activation of ERK signaling pathway | Increased pCREB | Xu et al. (2010a) |
| Bilobalide and quercetin | Mice model of AD (hippocampus) | Increase cell proliferation in the hippocampal neurons/enhance neurogenesis and synaptogenesis | Increased pCREB | Tchantchou et al. (2009) |
| Catechin | Senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (hippocampus) | Prevent spatial learning and memory decline of SAMP8 mice by decreasing Aβ (1-42) oligomers and upregulating synaptic plasticity-related proteins | Increased BDNF, pCREB | Li et al. (2009) |
| Olive polyphenols | Hippocampus, olfactory, striatum, and frontal cortex | NGF and BDNF elevation in the hippocampus and olfactory bulbs and a decrease in the frontal cortex and striatum | Increased BDNF, NGF | De Nicoló et al. (2013) |
| C-dideoxyhexosyl flavones | PC12 cells | Neurite outgrowth enhancing activities | Increased NGF | Xu et al. (2013) |
| Baicalein | C17.2 cells hippocampus | Protect NPCs against irradiation-induced necrotic cell death and the spatial learning and memory retention deficits after whole-brain irradiation | Increased BDNF-pCREB signaling | Oh et al. (2013) |
| Diallyl disulfide | Hippocampus NPC | Decreased the proliferation of NPCs in the dentate gyrus adverse effects on hippocampal neurogenesis and neurocognitive functions | Decreased BDNF-pCREB signaling | Ji et al. (2013) |
CORT, corticosterone; DCX, doublecortin; NPC, neural progenitor cell; pCREB, phosphorylated CREB; TNFR, tumor necrosis factor receptor.