Regular ArticleProstaglandin G/H Synthase Isoenzyme 2 Expression in Fibroblasts - Regulation by Dexamethasone, Mitogens, and Oncogenes
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Anti-inflammatory drugs, eicosanoids and the annexin A1/FPR2 anti-inflammatory system
2012, Prostaglandins and Other Lipid MediatorsCitation Excerpt :The two genes had a different chromosomal organization and Cox-l/Cox-2 mRNA was differentially expressed in human tissues [11]. There was a fundamental difference between the two genes, with the Cox-2 promoter containing elements suggesting it was activated during cellular stress and down-regulated by glucocorticoids, whereas the Cox-l promoter bore the hallmarks of a ‘housekeeping’ gene [12]. Histological and other studies confirmed this apparent functional split between the two enzymes and for example, Cox-1 was observed to be the predominant isoform in healthy gastrointestinal tissue from several species [13].
Effects of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on prostaglandin production in ovine fetal chorion cells in vitro in late gestation ewes
2011, PlacentaCitation Excerpt :Glucocorticoids, including cortisol and the synthetic glucocorticoids, such as DEX and beta-methasone are effective anti-inflammatories. They have multiple sites of inhibition on PG production, including blocking PLA2 [38], inhibiting PGHS2 transcription and expression and destabilising PGHS2 [39,40]. On the other hand, cortisol is a key player in increasing intrauterine PG production to initiate parturition [9] by stimulating PGHS2 expression and inhibiting PGDH in intrauterine tissues, including FC [10,11].
The 19-amino acid cassette of cyclooxygenase-2 mediates entry of the protein into the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation system
2006, Journal of Biological ChemistryCitation Excerpt :The plate was developed in ethyl acetate, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, acetic acid, water (110:50:20:100) and exposed to x-ray film, and radioactive products were visualized by autoradiography. Rapid, Proteasome-dependent Degradation of COX-2—COX-1 is expressed constitutively in murine NIH/3T3 fibroblasts, whereas COX-2 is expressed inducibly and transiently (19–21). This raises the possibility that the protein stabilities of the COX isoforms are different with COX-2 being more susceptible to degradation.
Inhibition of prostaglandin E<inf>2</inf> production by taiwanin C isolated from the root of Acanthopanax chiisanensis and the mechanism of action
2002, Biochemical PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :Two isoforms of COX have been identified, COX-1 and COX-2 [3,4]. The former is constitutively expressed in most tissues [5], while the latter is induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) [6], TPA [7], or cytokines such as interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α [8,9] in macrophages [10], fibroblasts [11], and inflamed tissues [12,13]. However, according to recent reports, COX-2 is also constitutively expressed in the brain [14], kidney [15], and stomach mucosa [16].