Regular ArticleHeterologous Multimeric Assembly Is Essential for K+ Channel Activity of Neuronal and Cardiac G-Protein-Activated Inward Rectifiers
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Localization and Targeting of GIRK Channels in Mammalian Central Neurons
2015, International Review of NeurobiologyStructural Insights into GIRK Channel Function
2015, International Review of NeurobiologyCitation Excerpt :Using heterologous expression systems and biochemical measurements, the IKACh channel was determined to be a heterotetramer composed of GIRK1 and GIRK4 subunits (Krapivinsky, Gordon, et al., 1995), while brain GIRK channels were heterotetramers of GIRK1 and GIRK2, GIRK1 and GIRK3, or GIRK2 and GIRK3 (Jelacic, Kennedy, Wickman, & Clapham, 2000; Jelacic, Sims, & Clapham, 1999; Krapivinsky, Gordon, et al., 1995). Only GIRK2 and GIRK4 subunits also form functional homotetramers in the brain and heart, respectively (Duprat et al., 1995; Jelacic et al., 2000; Karschin, Dissmann, Stuhmer, & Karschin, 1996; Kobayashi et al., 1995; Kofuji et al., 1995; Lesage et al., 1994; Liao, Jan, & Jan, 1996). For GIRK2, there are four splice variants, termed GIRK2a–d (Inanobe et al., 1999; Isomoto et al., 1996; Lesage et al., 1994, 1995; Wei et al., 1998; Wickman, Pu, & Clapham, 2002), of which GIRK2a–c are expressed in the brain and GIRK2d in the testes.
Tandem pore domain halothane-inhibited K<sup>+</sup>channel subunits THIK1 and THIK2 assemble and form active channels
2014, Journal of Biological ChemistryNew pharmacological approaches to atrial fibrillation
2012, Drug Discovery TodayCitation Excerpt :The acetylcholine-activated inward rectifier potassium current (IKACh) is found predominantly in the supraventricular regions and conduction (Purkinje) system of the heart. Conducting IKACh is a heterotetrameric channel composed of Kir3.1/3.4 subunits [17,18]. Activation of this current shortens the atrial APD and AERP and reduces the rate of diastolic depolarisation in nodal tissues (negatively chronotropic and dromotropic).
Kir3.1 inwardly rectifying potassium channel
2007, xPharm: The Comprehensive Pharmacology ReferenceG-protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels regulate ADP-induced cPLA<inf>2</inf> activity in platelets through Src family kinases
2006, BloodCitation Excerpt :Mammalian cells express 4 different GIRK subunits, GIRK1-4. Functional GIRK channels exist as homo- or heterotetrameric channels, composed of 4 similar or dissimilar subunits,26-29 for example, GIRK1/4 and GIRK4/4 are present in the heart, whereas GIRK2/3 and GIRK1/2 complexes are prevalent in the brain. GIRK2, -3, and -4 can form functional homomultimers, while GIRK1 requires the coassociation with GIRK2, -3, or -4 to achieve membrane surface expression and for the formation of functional channels.