Regular ArticleExpression of Delta Opioid Receptors by Splenocytes from SEB-Treated Mice and Effects on Phosphorylation of MAP Kinase☆
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2012, Journal of Biological ChemistryCitation Excerpt :In the central nervous system, β-endorphin and enkephalins are known to bind to classical DOR and MOR (7). Opioid receptors have been shown to be present in splenic cells (8), including NK cells (9). Acute treatments of opioid receptor agonists have been shown to stimulate NK cell cytolytic activity, and an opioid receptor antagonist blocks β-endorphin-stimulated NK cell function in the spleen (3).
Immune conditions associated with CD4 <sup>+</sup> T effector-induced opioid release and analgesia
2012, PainCitation Excerpt :The preferential contribution of peripheral DOR in controlling mechanical hyperalgesia [9,10,27] raises the question of whether antigen-experienced T cells may alleviate thermal hyperalgesia with the same efficiency. The release of high amounts of enkephalins by effector CD4+ T lymphocytes within the site of inflammation coincides with an increased expression of opioid receptors including DOR in primary sensory fibers [10,23,34], as well as in immune cells such as DCs and CD4+ T lymphocytes [2,3,16,28]. DOR is upregulated on TCR-induced activation of naïve CD4+ T lymphocytes by cognate antigen-experienced dendritic cells within draining lymph nodes [14].
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This work was supported by NIDA DA-04196.