Short CommunicationDUAL EFFECT OF IL-4 ON RESISTANCE TO SYSTEMIC GRAM-NEGATIVE INFECTION AND PRODUCTION OF TNF-α
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Cited by (17)
Quercetin improves immune function in Arbor Acre broilers through activation of NF-κB signaling pathway
2020, Poultry ScienceCitation Excerpt :Previous experiments have shown that soybean isoflavones significantly increased the content of serum IL-4 and upregulated IL-4 expression by increasing DNA restriction activity of phosphatase-1 (Han et al., 2002). There are dual effects between IL-4 and TNF-α on resistance to systemic gram-negative infection (Giampietri et al., 2000). Similarly, our results showed that quercetin significantly increased the contents of serum IL-4 and TNF-α.
Poxvirus interleukin-4 expression overcomes inherent resistance and vaccine-induced immunity: Pathogenesis, prophylaxis, and antiviral therapy
2011, VirologyCitation Excerpt :The IL-4 levels induced by all ECTV recombinants far exceeded that achieved by other vectors. For example, adenovirus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa vectors achieved maximal systemic levels of 150 pg/ml and ~ 100 ng/ml of IL-4, respectively, following intravenous infection of mice (Giampietri et al., 2000; Kim et al., 2000). For the following reasons, we conclude that the lethality of the ECTV-IL-4 recombinants results from virus-expressed IL-4 signaling through the IL-4 and/or IL-13 receptor and not due to IL-4 toxicity or the contribution of host-expressed IL-4: 1) immunized BALB/c-Il4ratm1Sz mice lacking a functional IL-4 receptor were resistant to lethal infection; 2) administration of 6.3–100 μg of exogenous IL-4 was lethal for ECTV-WT-infected, but not mock-infected, C57BL/6 mice; 3) the non-signaling ECTV-IL-4D116/D119 recombinants behaved as ECTV-WT; and 4) C57BL/6-Il4tm1Nnt mice lacking the ability to make IL-4 were equally susceptible to lethal infection.
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Correspondence to: Franca Campanile, Section of Pharmacology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, I-06126 Perugia, Italy; E-mail:[email protected]