Regular ArticleRegulation of B-cell commitment to plasma cells or to memory B cells
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A higher frequency of peripheral blood activated B cells in patients with non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head
2014, International ImmunopharmacologyCitation Excerpt :B cells are responsible for humoral responses mainly by producing a variety of autoantibodies, present antigens to activate T cells, and can secrete cytokines of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ and TNF-α [10–20]. During functional development, B cells can be classified into different subsets, such as IgD + naïve, CD27 + memory, CD86 + and/or CD95 + activated B cells, and CD38 + plasma cells [10–16]. CD86 is a critical co-stimulatory molecule for B and T cell interaction, and the engagement of CD95 can trigger activated B cell apoptosis [14].
Peripheral B-cell activation and exhaustion markers in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
2013, Life SciencesCitation Excerpt :In addition, our data showed higher levels of CD95+ B cells in AS patients compared to HC. Since CD95 expression coincides with the acquisition of sensitivity to CD95− mediated apoptosis, this finding suggests that exhausted B cells might also play an important role in the pathogenesis of AS (Liu and Banchereau, 1997). Thus, the high expression of CD95 on B cells in AS patients might lead to enhanced spontaneous apoptosis in these patients.
Defective regulatory B-cell compartment in patients with immune thrombocytopenia
2012, BloodCitation Excerpt :The underlying explanation for decreased memory B cells remains unknown, but it may be that because of continuous stimulation with platelet autoantigens, memory cells differentiate into plasma cells. Because naive B cells differentiate into either memory or plasma cells,39 another possibility may be that there is more plasma cell differentiation and therefore less memory cells in ITP patients. The disturbances in the B-cell compartment were particularly pronounced in our splenectomized ITP cohort, possibly caused by impaired B-cell differentiation resulting from loss of germinal centers of secondary lymphoid organs.33,34
Connection of BANK1, Tolerance, Regulatory B cells, and Apoptosis: Perspectives of a Reductionist Investigation
2021, Frontiers in ImmunologyThe immunological response toward botulinum toxin in individuals with facial rejuvenation
2020, Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health
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