Control of hepatic gluconeogenesis: Role of fatty acid oxidation
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Short- and medium-chain fatty acids in energy metabolism: The cellular perspective
2016, Journal of Lipid ResearchCitation Excerpt :In the case of acetate, this cycling is likely to occur in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and may account for as much as 1% of the total heat production (141). Butyrate and octanoate are known to stimulate oxygen uptake in perfused liver and isolated hepatocytes, to raise the energization of mitochondria, and to support ATP-dependent glucose generation (100, 101, 109). However, it has been repeatedly observed that these two fatty acids increase oxygen uptake and dramatically lower the ATP/O ratio when added to the incubation or perfusion media supplemented with pyruvate plus lactate or lactate alone (89, 96, 97, 100), thus pointing to an impairment of the energy generation.
Effect of maternal chronic intermittent hypoxia during gestation on offspring growth in the rat
2013, American Journal of Obstetrics and GynecologyCitation Excerpt :Increases in adiposity are associated with increased FFA concentration in the circulation. This results in greater FFA uptake by the liver,31 and hepatic insulin resistance through FFA-induced inhibition of the suppressive effects of insulin on hepatic glucose production.32 At 12 weeks of age, fasted CIH offspring were hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic.
Effect of two different diets and exercise training on weight gain in rats
2012, Science and SportsCitation Excerpt :It has been demonstrated that fat-rich diet affect the substrate recruitment, and most likely oxidation with a preferential mobilization and oxidation of fatty acids (FA) rather than carbohydrate oxidation [40]. In addition, it has been shown that high-fat diet increased glucose production by reducing insulin suppression of glucose appearance and by increasing the gluconeogenesis [41]. Accordingly, plasma levels of glucose increased without being altered by oxidation.
Role of adipose tissue in the development of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus
2007, Diabetes Research and Clinical PracticeCitation Excerpt :The elevation of plasma FFA in obesity has an important role as a link between obesity and insulin resistance. It was shown that FFA promote hepatic gluconeogenesis and decrease hepatic insulin clearance [26,27]. FFA also inhibit glucose transport into myocytes and impair insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism in skeletal muscles [28].
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