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Foot shock facilitates reward seeking in an experience-dependent manner
2021, Behavioural Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :Foot shock delivery will elicit a brief, undirected activity burst, followed by freezing [17–20]. While theoretical accounts vary [21–23], the behavioural phenomenon of post shock freezing is widely observed [24–28]. Foot shock can also suppress reward seeking [29], and the organization of reward seeking around foot shock changes with experience [30].
Defensive freezing links Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal-axis activity and internalizing symptoms in humans
2017, PsychoneuroendocrinologyCitation Excerpt :This is the first study establishing a potential association between HPA-axis functioning and an objective measure of stress-induced freezing in humans: relatively higher levels of basal cortisol were associated with relatively increased freezing reactivity (i.e., increased immediate stress-induced freezing followed by successful recovery). This result is consistent with findings from research in animals, suggesting an important role of the HPA-axis in the expression of freezing behavior (Corodimas et al., 1994; Kalin et al., 1988; Roozendaal et al., 1996; Sherman and Kalin, 1988; Takahashi and Rubin, 1993). The fact that cortisol was not only related to the acute expression of freezing, but also to its timely termination, supports the notion that the HPA-axis plays a critical role in the optimization of behavioral responses as part of adequate stress coping (de Kloet et al., 1999; Oitzl et al., 2010).
Individual differences in defensive stress-responses: the potential relevance for psychopathology
2017, Current Opinion in Behavioral SciencesCitation Excerpt :The HPA-axis plays a crucial role in the expression of defensive freezing, which is supported by various pharmacological studies in rodents. Stimulation as well as blockage of the HPA-axis has been shown to respectively increase or decrease rodents’ freezing behavior [66–68]. Furthermore, removal of the adrenal glands disrupted the activity of the rodents’ HPA-axis and freezing responses, while daily administration of corticosterone restored adaptive freezing responses to threat in these same rodents [69].
CRH: The link between hormonal-, metabolic- and behavioral responses to stress
2013, Journal of Chemical NeuroanatomyInvestigation into the cross-correlation of salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase responses to psychological stress
2011, Psychoneuroendocrinology