Differential distribution of the 5-α-reductase in the central nervous system of the rat and the mouse: Are the white matter structures of the brain target tissue for testosterone action?
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Reproductive performance is associated with seasonal plasma reproductive hormone levels, steroidogenic enzymes and sex hormone receptor expression levels in cultured Asian yellow pond turtles (Mauremys mutica)
2021, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part - B: Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCitation Excerpt :Initiation of the sex hormone synthesis pathway is marked by gonadal production of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in mouse, Mus musculus (Clark et al., 1994). StAR is considered to be an important rate-limiting step in sex hormone synthesis (Fig. 1A), and functions to transport the raw material cholesterol that is synthesized by steroid hormones to mitochondrial inner membrane (Arakane et al., 1998), where cholesterol is converted to different intermediate products under the catalysis of steroidogenic enzymes (Negricesi, 1987; Lephart, 1996; Mindnich et al., 2004; Guzmán et al., 2018). Many studies have shown that steroidogenic enzyme plays an important role in gonadal development and reproductive activity across seasonally breeding vertebrates such as Acanthopagrus schlegeli, mare, Anolis carolinensis and lizards (Albrecht et al., 2001; Tomy et al., 2010; Rosati et al., 2016, 2017, 2019, 2020; Christine and Rachel, 2018; Santillo et al., 2019), however, little research about relationship between steroidogenic enzyme expression levels and reproductive capability has not been reported in turtles.
Neurosteroid biosynthesis: Enzymatic pathways and neuroendocrine regulation by neurotransmitters and neuropeptides
2009, Frontiers in NeuroendocrinologyCitation Excerpt :Beside 3α-HSD types 2 and 3, 20α(3α)-HSD is also actively expressed in the human brain [581] whereas 3α-HSD type 1 is not [722,731,732,733]. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the presence of 3α-HSD bioactivity in the CNS of rodents [115,116,126,189,340,367,368,443,578] and primates [85,86,133,637]. In rat, the highest activity is found in the olfactory bulb and olfactory tubercle [340,578] indicating that the 3α-HSD protein detected in this region [141,340] corresponds to a biologically active form of the enzyme.
Born gay? The psychobiology of human sexual orientation
2003, Personality and Individual DifferencesBiosynthesis and action of neurosteroids
2001, Brain Research ReviewsProgesterone-transforming enzyme activity in the hypothalamus of the male rat
1999, Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTestosterone and its metabolites modulate 5HT(1A) and 5HT(1B) agonist effects on intermale aggression
1998, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews