Hemin enhances the differentiation of mouse 3T3 cells to adipocytes

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(81)90039-8

Cell

Volume 26, Issue 1, Part 1, October 1981, Pages 117-122

https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(81)90039-8 Get rights and content

Abstract

Hemin enhances the adipose differentiation of mouse 3T3-F442A cells in a medium containing high levels of adipogenic factor that is present in fetal calf serum or calf serum. This enhancement is more prominent in the presence of insulin. Hemin also promotes adipose differentiation in a medium containing 10% cat serum, which has very little adipogenic factor; this effect is in contrast to that of insulin, which is relatively ineffective in promoting adipose differentiation in this medium. Adipose differentiation of 3T3-F442A cells is inhibited by the addition of aminotriazole, an inhibitor of heme biosynthesis. The inhibition of adipose differentiation by aminotriazole is prevented by the simultaneous addition of hemin and aminotriazole. These results indicate that treatment with hemin can promote the differentiation of fibroblasts to adipocytes in vitro, and they raise the possibility that endogenous heme may have a physiological role in the differentiation of fibroblasts to adipocytes in vivo.

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As key photosynthetic pigments, Chl and Bchl are required for light capture in plants and photosynthetic bacteria (Chew and Bryant, 2007). Heme is involved in various oxidative metabolic processes in cells, including oxygen transport, the oxidative stress response, and oxidative phosphorylation, all of which rely on electron transport (Bonyhady et al., 1982; Chen and London, 1981; Shelver et al., 1997). These chemicals are widely employed as food additives, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals.
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Advances in the synthesis and screening of small-molecule libraries have accelerated the discovery of chemical probes for studying biological processes. Still, only a small fraction of the human proteome has chemical ligands. Here, we describe a platform that marries fragment-based ligand discovery with quantitative chemical proteomics to map thousands of reversible small molecule-protein interactions directly in human cells, many of which can be site-specifically determined. We show that fragment hits can be advanced to furnish selective ligands that affect the activity of proteins heretofore lacking chemical probes. We further combine fragment-based chemical proteomics with phenotypic screening to identify small molecules that promote adipocyte differentiation by engaging the poorly characterized membrane protein PGRMC2. Fragment-based screening in human cells thus provides an extensive proteome-wide map of protein ligandability and facilitates the coordinated discovery of bioactive small molecules and their molecular targets.
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Cell

ArticleHemin enhances the differentiation of mouse 3T3 cells to adipocytes

Abstract

Trends Biochem. Sci.

Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

Cell

Cell

Cell

Cell

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

J. Biol. Chem.

J. Biol. Chem.

J. Biol. Chem.

J. Biol. Chem.

J. Biol. Chem.

Anal. Biochem.

Cell

J. Biol. Chem.

J. Biol. Chem.

J. Biol. Chem.

J. Biol. Chem.

Article
Hemin enhances the differentiation of mouse 3T3 cells to adipocytes