Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
Excitatory amino acid receptors in epilepsy
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Alpha-pinene and dizocilpine (MK-801) attenuate kindling development and astrocytosis in an experimental mouse model of epilepsy
2020, IBRO ReportsCitation Excerpt :MK-801 effectively reduced seizure severity and reduced mortality in PTZ kindling mice. Several studies have shown that NMDA receptor antagonists delay kindling acquisition and prevent the onset of seizures (Dingledine et al., 1990). In this study, α-pinene suppressed kindling acquisition by preventing an increase in seizures by PTZ.
Levetiracetam mediates subtle pH-shifts in adult human neocortical pyramidal cells via an inhibition of the bicarbonate-driven neuronal pH-regulation – Implications for excitability and plasticity modulation
2019, Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :Both, the potassium-mediated depolarization and the AMPA-induced intracellular alkalizations relied upon NBCs-activity (Svichar et al., 2011). In this context, LEV would have the potency to work quite selectively anticonvulsive in the alkaline states of epileptic neurons, themselves characterized by frequent and rhythmic paroxysmal depolarization shifts in intracellular recordings (Dingledine et al., 1990) which may precipitate such alkaline states (Svichar et al., 2011). Considering LEV’s dynamic pHi-modulation depending on the resting pHi (Fig. 1), the anticonvulsive power of LEV would be amplified by the severity of the regional epileptic activity, that means, the extend of the EDIA (Fig. 6).
Glutamatergic NMDA Receptor as Therapeutic Target for Depression
2016, Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural BiologyCitation Excerpt :Excessive excitation of glutamate receptors can cause neuronal damage or death; this process is called excitotoxicity (Olney & de Gubareff, 1978; Olney, Labruyere, & de Gubareff, 1980). Excitotoxicity is associated with ischemic neuronal injury (Choi & Rothman, 1990; Olney, 1990), acute neurodegenerative disorders such as epilepsy (Dingledine, McBain, & McNamara, 1990; Price, 1999), chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease, hepatic encephalopathy (Beal et al., 1986; Lipton & Rosenberg, 1994; Price, 1999), genetic diseases (Dingledine et al., 1990; Meldrum & Garthwaite, 1990), and mood disorders (Ghasemi et al., 2014). Relatively, the brain possesses a lot of glutamate (approximately 5–15 nmol/kg, depending on the region) and only a small fraction of this total accumulates in the extracellular space (Danbolt, 2001).
Metabolic differences in hippocampal 'Rett' neurons revealed by ATP imaging
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