European Journal of Pharmacology: Molecular Pharmacology
Bi-directional changes in the levels of messenger RNAs encoding γ-aminobutyric acidA receptor α subunits after flurazepam treatment
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Cited by (72)
Positive modulation of α5GABAA receptors leads to dichotomous effects in rats on memory pattern and GABRA5 expression in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus
2022, Behavioural Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :Besides memory tests, we examined the GABRA5 mRNA footprint in three selected brain regions harvested after the ligand administration, as an additional way to observe the consequences of PAM-induced α5GABAAR activation. It was previously demonstrated that acute administration of PAMs of GABAA receptors can modulate mRNA levels of their subunits with regional and subunit selectivity [41,42], even as soon as after 30 min [43]. Transcriptional regulation is one of the prevalent means of expressional change for GABAAR subunits, although the factors controlling the transcription of GABRA5 are far from being elucidated enough, as discussed in the recent review article [44].
To what extent is it possible to dissociate the anxiolytic and sedative/hypnotic properties of GABA<inf>A</inf> receptors modulators?
2016, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological PsychiatryCitation Excerpt :However, this process of uncoupling can be the result of prolonged exposure to different classes of GABAA receptor modulators through different modulatory sites such as barbiturates and neurosteroids (Friedman et al., 1996). Chronic exposure to BZ in vivo has since been linked to modulation of the relative levels of GABAR subunits reflected by a decrease in the subunits that are more sensitive to BZ to the detriment of those that are less sensitive or insensitive to BZ (Heninger et al., 1990; Holt et al., 1997; Kang and Miller, 1991; O'Donovan et al., 1992; Primus et al., 1996). Indeed, changes in GABAAR subunit expression have been reported in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex (Arnot et al., 2001; Impagnatiello et al., 1996; Pesold et al., 1997; Wu et al., 1994).
Low tolerance and dependence liabilities of etizolam: Molecular, functional, and pharmacological correlates
2005, European Journal of PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :We have previously shown that both the potency and efficacy of etizolam in potentiation of GABA-evoked Cl− current at α1β2γ2S GABAA receptors are lower than those of classical benzodiazepines (Sanna et al., 1999). Given that the α1 subunit is implicated both in the sedative and anticonvulsant effects of diazepam (Rudolph et al., 1999) as well as in the development of tolerance to flurazepam (O'Donovan et al., 1992; Tietz et al., 1999), the reduced intrinsic efficacy of etizolam at α1-containing receptors might contribute to the lack of development of a marked degree of tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of this drug and to its low-level sedative action in patients. Finally, the failure of etizolam to induce tolerance to its anticonvulsant effect in mice is consistent with our observation that withdrawal of etizolam after its chronic administration did not induce significant changes in [35S]TBPS binding to cerebrocortical membranes.
Neuroadaptive processes in GABAergic and glutamatergic systems in benzodiazepine dependence
2003, Pharmacology and TherapeuticsCitation Excerpt :However, as already described, Holt and colleagues (1999) presented evidence that there was no temporal relationship between changes in expression of particular GABAA receptor subunit mRNAs and allosteric uncoupling. There has also been a lot of controversy in the reported effects of chronic BZ treatment on the expression of GABAA receptor subunit genes, with reports of increased, reduced, or unchanged expression of particular subunits (Heninger et al., 1990; Holt et al., 1996; Impagnatiello et al., 1996; Kang & Miller, 1991; O'Donovan et al., 1992a, 1992b; Pratt et al., 1998; Tietz et al., 1993; Zhao et al., 1994). Pratt and colleagues (1998) have provided evidence from in situ hybridisation studies that changes in α1, α4, or γ2 GABAA receptor subunit gene expression are generally not accompanied by changes in neural activity in the particular brain structures revealed by their previous 2-deoxyglucose autoradiography studies (Brett & Pratt, 1995; Laurie & Pratt, 1989, 1993) during DZP tolerance and withdrawal from low-dose i.p. DZP treatment.
Tolerance to and Withdrawal from Anticonvulsant Action of Diazepam: Role of Nitric Oxide
2000, Epilepsy and Behavior