Elsevier

The Lancet

Volume 322, Issue 8348, 27 August 1983, Pages 500-503
The Lancet

Public Health
CHANGES IN MALARIA INCIDENCE AFTER MASS DRUG ADMINISTRATION IN NICARAGUA

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(83)90523-8Get rights and content

Abstract

Mass drug administration (MDA) in 1981 reduced the incidence rates of both Plasmodium vivax and P falciparum infection in Nicaragua. Impact on P vivax cases lasted for four months and on P falciparum for seven. Subtherapeutic primaquine doses, the shorter extrinsic cycle of P vivax in the insect vector, and the timing of MDA at a high-transmission period of the year may explain the limited effects of the campaign. Positive results of the anti-malaria campaign included improvements in case-finding and routine surveillance, the apparent prevention of at least 9200 malaria cases, the training of some 70 000 anti-malaria volunteers, and the participation of about 70% of the population in anti-malarial activities.

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Cited by (64)

  • Chemotherapeutic Strategies for Reducing Transmission of Plasmodium vivax Malaria

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    Citation Excerpt :

    This intervention was associated with a subsequent reduction in the incidence of both P. falciparum and P. vivax. The effect on P. falciparum lasted for approximately 9 months, whereas for P. vivax, it lasted just 4 months (Garfield and Vermund, 1983). The authors of the analysis suggested that the limited effectiveness against P. vivax was likely to relate to the inadequate dose of primaquine administered (Garfield and Vermund, 1983).

  • Control and Elimination of Plasmodium vivax

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    Occasional haemolytic events were reported in Nicaragua, but it is unclear how much surveillance might have been done for such adverse events. Malaria transmission was not interrupted although an estimated 9200 malaria cases were prevented (Garfield and Vermund, 1983). The objective of using MDA for malaria elimination is to kill the human reservoir of parasites responsible for malaria transmission (hypnozoites which subsequently produce mature gametocytes) not decreasing disease burden (Kouznetsov, 1979; Bruce-Chwatt, 1972).

  • Mass drug administration for malaria

    2021, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
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