Tachykinins in the gut. Part II. Roles in neural excitation, secretion and inflammation

doi:10.1016/S0163-7258(96)00196-9

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

Volume 73, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 219-263

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-7258(96)00196-9 Get rights and content

Abstract

The preprotachykinin-A gene-derived peptides substance (substance P; SP) and neurokinin (NK) A are expressed in intrinsic enteric neurons, which supply all layers of the gut, and extrinsic primary afferent nerve fibers, which innervate primarily the arterial vascular system. The actions of tachykinins on the digestive effector systems are mediated by three different types of tachykinin receptor, termed NK₁, NK₂ and NK₃ receptors. Within the enteric nervous system, SP and NKA are likely to mediate, or comediate, slow synaptic transmission and to modulate neuronal excitability via stimulation of NK₃ and NK₁ receptors. In the intestinal mucosa, tachykinins cause net secretion of fluid and electrolytes, and it appears as if SP and NKA play a messenger role in intramural secretory reflex pathways. Secretory processes in the salivary glands and pancreas are likewise influenced by tachykinins. The gastrointestinal arterial system may be dilated or constricted by tachykinins, whereas constriction and an increase in the vascular permeability are the only effects seen in the venous system. Various gastrointestinal disorders are associated with distinct changes in the tachykinin system, and there is increasing evidence that tachykinins participate in the hypersecretory, vascular and immunological disturbances associated with infection and inflammatory bowel disease. In a therapeutic perspective, it would seem conceivable that tachykinin antagonists could be exploited as antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive drugs.

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Tachykinins in the gut. Part II. Roles in neural excitation, secretion and inflammation

Abstract

Biochem. Pharmacol.

Arch. Oral Biol.

Regul. Pept.

Neuroscience

Gastroenterology

J. Auton. Nerv. Syst.

Neuroscience

J. Auton. Nerv. Syst.

Gastroenterology

J. Neuroimmunol.

Gastroenterology

Neuroscience

Peptides

Gastroenterology

J. Biol. Chem.

Peptides

Regul. Pept.

Neuroscience

Progr. Brain Res.

J. Surg. Res.

Gastroenterology

Peptides

J. Auton. Nerv. Syst.

Neurosci. Lett.

Cell Calcium

Neurosci. Res.

Eur. J. Pharmacol.

Gastroenterology

Inhibition of murine intestinal inflammation by anti-substance P antibody

Reg. Immunol.

The pentagastrin test in the diagnosis of the carcinoid syndrome. Blockade of gastrointestinal symptoms by ketanserin

Ann. Surg.

Carcinoid tumour cells in long-term culture: release of serotonin but not of tachykinins on stimulation with adrenoceptor agonists

Int. J. Cancer

Presence of nerve growth factor-like immunoreactivity in carcinoid tumour cells and induction of a neuronal phenotype in long-term culture

Int. J. Cancer

Immunohistochemical studies indicate multiple enteroendocrine cell differentiation pathways in the mouse proximal small intestine

Dev. Dyn.

Potassium currents in submucous neurones of guinea-pig caecum and their synaptic modification

J. Physiol. (Lond.)

The colocalisation of substance P and VIP in cholinergic-type terminals of the rat parotid gland

J. Anat.

Studies on the vesicular component of the Auerbach's plexus and the substance P content of the mouse colon in the acute phase of the experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection

Virchows Arch. A Pathol. Pathol. Anat.

Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide, bombesin and substance P on fluid secretion by isolated rat pancreatic ducts

J. Physiol. (Lond.)

Properties of receptor-controlled inositol trisphosphate formation in parotid acinar cells

Biochem. J.

A novel neurogenic vasodilator mechanism in bovine mesenteric artery

Circ. Res.

Parasympathetic neurons of salivary gland ganglia in the fetal and postnatal rat are substance P-like immunoreactive

Neurosci. Lett.

Effect of a long-acting somatostatin analogue (octreotide) on circulating tachykinins and the pentagastrin-induced carcinoid flush

Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol.

Changes in the somatostatin, substance P and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide content of the gastrointestinal tract following streptozotocin-induced diabetes in the rat

Diabetologia

The effect of pancreatic acinar atrophy upon the concentration of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P, somatostatin and glucagon in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract of the rat

Digestion

Effect of substance P on gastric secretion and serum gastrin levels

Fiziol. Zh. SSSR

Adrenergic and peptidergic (substance P and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide) innervation of the rat portal vein

Blood Vessels

Substance P-containing nerve fibres in large peripheral blood vessels of the rat

Cell Tissue Res.

Rectal substance P concentrations are increased in ulcerative colitis but not in Crohn's disease

Am. J. Gastroenterol.

Characterization of receptors for kinins and neurokinins in the arterial and venous mesenteric vasculatures of the guinea-pig

Br. J. Pharmacol.

Contribution of chloride conductance increase to slow EPSC and tachykinin current in guinea-pig myenteric neurones

J. Physiol. (Lond.)

Signal-transduction pathways causing slow synaptic excitation in guinea pig myenteric AH neurons

Am. J. Physiol. — Gastrointest Liver Physiol.