Archival ReportBrain Reactivity to Smoking Cues Prior to Smoking Cessation Predicts Ability to Maintain Tobacco Abstinence
Section snippets
Subjects
Twenty-one women underwent neuroimaging at McLean Hospital before participating in a smoking cessation clinical trial at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH; NCT00218465). Subjects met DSM-IV criteria for current nicotine dependence, reported smoking ≥10 cigarettes per day in the previous 6 months, and had expired air carbon monoxide (CO) >10 ppmv at screening. Smokers with current unstable medical illness, pregnancy, recent drug and alcohol use (QuickTox 11 Panel Drug Test Card, Branan
Results
Of the 21 subjects who completed prequit neuroimaging, nine slipped while on NRT. Slips took place on average 17.4 days (range: 1–49 days) after established abstinence. Slip and abstinence groups differed at a trend level on FTND scores (t19 = 2.0, p < .07; Table 1) and not on any other demographic variable. Of the 19 subjects completing the ES task, eight slipped, and these groups differed on FTND scores (t17 = 2.12, p < .05). In the entire clinical trial cohort (n = 126) from which study
Discussion
Smokers who slipped during the quit attempt exhibited increased prequit brain fMRI reactivity to smoking-related images in the insula, amygdala, and several other brain areas. Insula and amygdala activation might imply that smoking-related images are more emotionally salient and may induce interoceptive awareness to a greater extent than neutral images in smokers vulnerable to relapse. Our insula findings are in line with evidence suggesting that this region is involved in maintaining smoking
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Authors AEE and MJK contributed equally to this work.