Basic and clinical immunologyPotential involvement of dendritic cells in delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions to β-lactams
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Patients and control subjects
Nine patients (mean age, 49.44 ± 7.37 years) with DTH reactions to amoxicillin and a positive delayed intracutaneous test response to amoxicillin were studied.16, 17 All patients had maculopapular exanthema. Table I shows their clinical characteristics, the time interval between the reaction and sample collection (mean, 156.67 ± 74.91 months), and the results of the allergologic work-up.
Control subjects were composed of 8 healthy sex- and age-matched subjects with no history of hypersensitivity
Amoxicillin induced phenotypic and functional changes in imDCs from hypersensitive patients
LPS and TNF-α produced a significant upregulation in the MFI and the percentage of imDCs expressing HLA-DR, CD86, CD80, and CD83 in both patients and control subjects at 24, 48, and 72 hours (Fig 1), with no significant differences between the 2 groups, indicating that DCs were similar at baseline and responded at equal levels to the maturation stimuli generated by TNF-α or LPS. In hypersensitive patients the results obtained from imDCs stimulated for 72 hours with amoxicillin at 50 and 250
Discussion
The aim of this study was to determine whether amoxicillin induces any influence on imDCs in subjects who had a T cell–mediated DTH response. Results showed that amoxicillin increased the expression of DC maturation and activation markers (HLA-DR, CD86, and CD80). Furthermore, amoxicillin-treated imDCs acquired a higher T cell–stimulatory capacity, illustrated by increased proliferation of allogeneic T cells. Also, maturational changes (endocytosis capacity) were noted after amoxicillin-imDC
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Supported by grants from Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (PIO5290) and Junta de Andalucia (199/04).
Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: The authors have declared that they have no conflict of interest.