Cognitive, Behavioral, and Systems NeuroscienceResearch PaperAdolescent social defeat increases adult amphetamine conditioned place preference and alters D2 dopamine receptor expression
Highlights
▶The effects of adolescent stress on drug preferences in adulthood were studied. ▶Adolescent social defeat increases adult amphetamine conditioned place preference. ▶Adolescent foot-shock does not alter amphetamine conditioned place preference. ▶Accumbens core D2 dopamine receptors are reduced by amphetamine place training. ▶Adolescent social defeat abolishes amphetamine-induced D2 receptor reductions.
Section snippets
Animals
Male Sprague–Dawley rats (Animal Resource Center, University South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA) used as experimental animals were pair-housed under a reverse light cycle (lights off from 10:00–22:00 h) on postnatal day (P) 21. Resident adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (300–400 g) for social defeat experiments were housed singly prior to aggressive screening. Food and water was available ad libitum. The experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the
Locomotion and conditioned place preference
When locomotion over time was analyzed during the first acclimation exposure to the CPP apparatus in adulthood for rats that had experienced adolescent social defeat, a significant effect of stress pretreatment (F(1,58)=18.741; P=0.014) and time (F(5,272)=22.721; P<0.001) was observed. Post hoc tests showed that socially defeated rats exhibited a significantly greater degree of locomotion in the novel CPP apparatus during the 5–10 min time period (P=0.007) and the final 25–30 min time period (P
Discussion
This study is the first to investigate the effects of social defeat in adolescence on adult conditioned place preference. Most notably, these data suggest that adolescent social defeat stress, but not mild foot-shock stress, increases preference for amphetamine-paired cues in adulthood. In addition, we observed increased locomotion in the novel CPP apparatus following adolescent social defeat stress. Individual locomotion in the novel environment was correlated with the degree of amphetamine
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by NIDA RO1 DA019921 (G.L.F.), Sigma Xi—G200803150251 (A.R.B.), a USD Graduate Research Award (A.R.B.), and NIH P20 RR015567 which is designated a Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE). We thank Dr. Jodi L. Lukkes for her valuable technical assistance with these experiments.
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2021, NeuropharmacologyCitation Excerpt :Much of that work in adults has strongly implicated CRF as a key mediator of the relation between social defeat and increased drug intake. Like adults, adolescents exposed to social defeat and subsequently tested in adulthood show increased CPP to amphetamine, cocaine, and alcohol (Burke et al., 2011; Montagud-Romero et al., 2017; Rodríguez-Arias et al., 2017; Whitaker et al., 2013), as well as increased SA of cocaine and alcohol (Burke and Miczek, 2015; Rodriguez-Arias et al., 2016). Despite this evidence, there is relatively little known about the specific role of CRF in mediating the effect of adolescent social defeat on drug abuse vulnerability in adulthood.