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Features of the metabolic syndrome are modulated by an interaction between the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta −87T>C polymorphism and dietary fat in French-Canadians

Abstract

Objective:

We verified whether genetic variants in this gene are associated with the MS and whether dietary fatty acids interact with the −87T>C polymorphism.

Methods:

By direct sequencing, we identified 15 variants in the PPAR-delta gene and analyses were pursued with the −87T>C polymorphism for 340 subjects.

Results:

Metabolic variables were comparable among each genotype group. The −87T>C polymorphism, fat intake and the interaction accounted, respectively for 2.2, 1.9 and 1.5% of the variance in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (P<0.05) (age, sex and energy intake were included into the model). The total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio was also modulated by a gene–diet interaction and by the –87T>C polymorphism (P<0.05). No gene–diet interaction effects were observed for other features of the MS. The age- and sex-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of exhibiting three or more features of the MS when carrying the −87C allele was 0.62 (P=0.04) compared to –87T/T. However, in subjects consuming less than 34.4% of energy from fat (median of fat consumption), the OR in carriers of the −87C allele was of 0.42 (P=0.008).

Conclusion:

These data suggest that the PPAR-delta −87T>C polymorphism may be associated with a lower risk to exhibit the MS and this association is influenced by dietary fat intake.

The metabolic syndrome (MS) is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPAR-delta), a transcription factor involved in lipid metabolism, is a candidate gene for the MS.

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Acknowledgements

We express their gratitude to the subjects for their excellent collaboration and to Alain Houde for technical assistance. We thank the staffs of the CHUL Lipid Research Center and the Lipid Clinic as well as the Department of Biochemistry and the Cardiology Service of the Chicoutimi Hospital for their dedicated support and assistance. This study was supported by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP-44074) and the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. J Robitaille received a doctoral studentship from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. MC Vohl is research scholar from the ‘Fonds de la recherche en santé du Québec (FRSQ)’. D Gaudet is the chairholder of the Canada Research Chair in preventive genetics and community genomics (www.chaires.gc.ca).

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Correspondence to M-C Vohl.

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Robitaille, J., Gaudet, D., Pérusse, L. et al. Features of the metabolic syndrome are modulated by an interaction between the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta −87T>C polymorphism and dietary fat in French-Canadians. Int J Obes 31, 411–417 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803450

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