Original ContributionsEctopic localization of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in chronic cutaneous wounds*,**
Section snippets
Patients
The local ethics committees of University of Copenhagen (KF 01-072/94) and University of Helsinki (TIA 4014) approved the study, and patients participated only after giving their written consent.
Wound healing
The acute wounds healed uneventfully. The dermatome partial-thickness wounds decreased by 58 ± 10% (mean ± SEM) in surface area over the 1-week postwounding period. The pinch graft donor wounds were completely healed in 6 to 9 days. The chronic wounds showed no or minimal healing tendency and decreased in size by at most 4% per week.
MMP-9 and MMP-2 activities in acute and chronic wounds
The endogenous activities of MMP-9 and MMP-2 were determined in normal skin and in wound margin biopsies of 6 acute dermatome wounds postwounding days 1 and 7. The
Discussion
The role of MMPs in normal wound healing is well documented,10 but the role of MMPs in nonhealing chronic wounds is less clear. Contrary to the general assumption, MMP-9 activities did not differ significantly between chronic and standardized acute wounds, but its localization did. In chronic wounds, MMP-9 was concentrated in inflammatory cells of the ulcer bed, whereas in normal wounds, MMP-9 was predominantly expressed by advancing epithelium. Keratinocytes at the wound margins of chronic
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Dr Jouko Lohi for the MMP-14 plasmid, Alli Tallqvist for skillful technical assistance, and Annie Høj for the smear counts. Drs Lawrence T. Kim and J. Frederick Woessner Jr reviewed the manuscript.
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Supported by grants from Helsinki University Central Hospital Research Funds (EVO), the Academy of Finland and Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, and the Malmö University Hospital, University of Lund, Sweden. Coloplast A/S, Denmark funded the dermatome study.
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Address correspondence and reprint requests to Ursula Mirastschijski, MD, Sørens Allé 4B, DK-3050 Humlebæk, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected].