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Current Pharmaceutical Design

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1381-6128
ISSN (Online): 1873-4286

Pharmacotherapy for Smoking Cessation: Present and Future

Author(s): Henri-Jean Aubin, Laurent Karila and Michel Reynaud

Volume 17, Issue 14, 2011

Page: [1343 - 1350] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/138161211796150837

Price: $65

Abstract

Tobacco dependence is a chronic disease that often requires repeated interventions and multiple attempts to quit. To date, three medications are FDA-approved for smoking cessation: nicotine replacement therapy, sustained-release bupropion, and varenicline. These treatments are effective across a broad range of populations, and are recommended for all smokers, including those with psychiatric or addictive comorbidity. Less is known however concerning the benefit-risk profile of these medications in pregnant women and adolescents. With these limitations in mind, clinicians should encourage and offer counseling and a prescription of pharmacotherapy to every patient willing to make a quit attempt. Despite the relative efficacy of first-line medications, many smokers relapse after one given quit attempt, and alternative pharmacotherapies are needed. Clonidine and nortriptyline have been proposed as second-line medications. In addition, this review identifies a series of promising drugs that hopefully will be available to complete our current armory.

Keywords: Nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, varenicline, psychiatric, clonidine, nortriptyline, lozenge, cessation, acetylcholine, pulsatile, alkaloids, galenic, libitum, dyspepsia, tremor, insomnia


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