Abstract
Involuntary movements, or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of levodopa therapy for Parkinson's disease. Although changes affecting D(1) and D(2) dopamine receptors have been studied in association with this condition, no causal relationship has yet been established. Taking advantage of a monkey brain bank constituted to study levodopa-induced dyskinesia, we report changes affecting D(1) and D(2) dopamine receptors within the striatum of normal, parkinsonian, nondyskinetic levodopa-treated parkinsonian, and dyskinetic levodopa-treated parkinsonian animals. Whereas D(1) receptor expression itself is not related to dyskinesia, D(1) sensitivity per D(1) receptor measured by D(1) agonist-induced [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding is linearly related to dyskinesia. Moreover, the striata of dyskinetic animals show higher levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) and of the dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of 32kDa (DARPP-32). Our data suggest that levodopa-induced dyskinesia results from increased dopamine D(1) receptor-mediated transmission at the level of the direct pathway.
Publication types
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Comparative Study
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine / pharmacology
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2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine / pharmacology
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Analysis of Variance
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Animals
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Antiparkinson Agents / adverse effects*
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Autoradiography / methods
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Behavior, Animal
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Blotting, Western / methods
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
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Disease Models, Animal
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Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
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Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32
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Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Drug Interactions
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Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / etiology*
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Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / metabolism
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Female
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Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate) / pharmacokinetics
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Immunohistochemistry / methods
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In Situ Hybridization / methods
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Isotopes / pharmacokinetics
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Levodopa / adverse effects*
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Macaca fascicularis
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Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism
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Membrane Transport Proteins / metabolism
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Motor Activity / drug effects
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Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism
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Nortropanes / pharmacokinetics
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Parkinsonian Disorders / drug therapy
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Parkinsonian Disorders / metabolism
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Parkinsonian Disorders / physiopathology
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Phosphoproteins / metabolism
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Radioligand Assay / methods
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Receptors, Dopamine D1 / agonists
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Receptors, Dopamine D1 / genetics
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Receptors, Dopamine D1 / metabolism*
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Receptors, Dopamine D2 / genetics
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Receptors, Dopamine D2 / metabolism
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Signal Transduction / drug effects*
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Substantia Nigra / drug effects
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Substantia Nigra / metabolism
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Time Factors
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Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / metabolism
Substances
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Antiparkinson Agents
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Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
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Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32
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Isotopes
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Membrane Glycoproteins
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Membrane Transport Proteins
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N-(3-iodoprop-2-enyl)-2-beta-carbomethoxy-3-(4-methylphenyl)nortropane
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Nerve Tissue Proteins
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Nortropanes
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Phosphoproteins
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Receptors, Dopamine D1
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Receptors, Dopamine D2
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Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)
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Levodopa
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2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine
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1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
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Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinases