Abstract
Statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors) are well established in the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia and the prevention of coronary artery disease. Despite this, there is wide inter-individual variability in response to statin therapy, in terms of both lipid-lowering and adverse drug reactions. The major site of statin action is within hepatocytes and recent interest has focussed on genetic variation in hepatic influx and efflux transporters for their potential to explain these differences. In this review we explore current literature regarding the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic influence of the common c.388A>G and c.521T>C single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the solute carrier organic anion transporter 1B1 (SLCO1B1) gene, encoding the organic anion transporter polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) influx transporter. We discuss their potential to predict the efficacy of statin therapy and the likelihood that patients will experience adverse effects.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Anticholesteremic Agents / adverse effects
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Anticholesteremic Agents / pharmacokinetics
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Anticholesteremic Agents / therapeutic use
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Asian People
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Atorvastatin
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Fluorobenzenes / pharmacokinetics
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Gene Frequency
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Haplotypes
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HeLa Cells
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Hepatocytes / metabolism
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Heptanoic Acids / pharmacokinetics
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Humans
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Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / adverse effects
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Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics*
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Hypercholesterolemia / drug therapy
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Liver
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Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1
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Organic Anion Transporters / genetics*
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Pharmacogenetics
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Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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Pravastatin / pharmacokinetics
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Pyrimidines / pharmacokinetics
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Pyrroles / pharmacokinetics
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Rosuvastatin Calcium
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Simvastatin / pharmacokinetics
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Sulfonamides / pharmacokinetics
Substances
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Anticholesteremic Agents
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Fluorobenzenes
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Heptanoic Acids
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Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
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Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1
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Organic Anion Transporters
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Pyrimidines
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Pyrroles
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SLCO1B1 protein, human
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Sulfonamides
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Rosuvastatin Calcium
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Atorvastatin
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Simvastatin
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Pravastatin