Abstract
The TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β) system signals via protein kinase receptors and Smad mediators to regulate a plethora of biological processes, including morphogenesis, embryonic development, adult stem cell differentiation, immune regulation, wound healing and inflammation. In addition, alterations of specific components of the TGF-β signalling pathway may contribute to a broad range of pathologies such as cancer, cardiovascular pathology, fibrosis and congenital diseases. The knowledge about the mechanisms involved in TGF-β signal transduction has allowed a better understanding of the disease pathogenicity as well as the identification of several molecular targets with great potential in therapeutic interventions.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Cardiovascular Diseases / physiopathology
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Humans
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Inflammation / genetics
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Lung Diseases / physiopathology
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Molecular Targeted Therapy / methods
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Musculoskeletal Diseases / physiopathology
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Mutation
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Neoplasms / physiopathology
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Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / antagonists & inhibitors
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Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / genetics
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Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / physiology*
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Signal Transduction / physiology
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Smad Proteins / physiology
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Transforming Growth Factor beta / antagonists & inhibitors
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Transforming Growth Factor beta / genetics
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Transforming Growth Factor beta / physiology*
Substances
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Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta
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Smad Proteins
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Transforming Growth Factor beta