The objective of the study was to determine whether ADORA2A or PER3 polymorphisms contribute to individual responsivity to sleep restriction. Nineteen healthy adults (ages 18-39, 11 males, 8 females) underwent sleep restriction (SR) which consisted of seven nights of 3 h time in bed (TIB) (04:00-07:00). SR was preceded by seven in-laboratory nights of 10 h TIB (21:00-07:00) and followed by three nights of 8 h TIB (23:00-07:00). Volunteers underwent psychomotor vigilance, objective alertness, and subjective sleepiness assessments throughout. Volunteers were genotyped for the PER3 VNTR polymorphism (PER3(4/4) n = 7; PER3(4/5) n = 10; PER3(5/5) n = 2) and the ADORA2A c.1083T>C polymorphism, (ADORA2A(C) (/T) n = 9; ADORA2A(T) (/T) n = 9; ADORA2A(C) (/C) n = 1) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Separate mixed-model anovas were used to assess contributions of ADORA2A and PER3 polymorphisms. Results showed that PER3(4/4) and ADORA2A(C/T) individuals expressed greater behavioral resiliency to SR compared to PER(4/5) and ADORA2A(T/T) individuals. Our findings contrast with previously reported non-significant effects for the PER3 polymorphism under a less challenging sleep restriction regimen (4 h TIB per night for five nights). We conclude that PER3 and ADORA2A polymorphisms become more behaviorally salient with increasing severity and/or duration of sleep restriction (based on psychomotor vigilance). Given the small sample size these results are preliminary and require replication.
© 2012 European Sleep Research Society.