The peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors (PBR) are involved in various cellular functions, including steroidogenesis. The impact of these receptor ligands has been demonstrated mainly in steroidogenic cells. The aim of the present study was to assess in intact female rats the effect of chronic (21 days) administration of the PBR ligands PK 11195 (15 mg/kg) and Ro 5-4864 (5 mg/kg), the mixed ligand diazepam (5 mg/kg), and the central benzodiazepine receptor ligand clonazepam (1 mg/kg) on PBR binding characteristics in steroidogenic (ovary and adrenal) and non-steroidogenic (uterus and kidney) organs, as well as on serum hormonal steroids (estradiol, progesterone, and corticosterone). Selective and mixed PBR ligands up-regulated PBR density in the two steroidogenic organs, while Ro 5-4864 also induced elevation of the receptor density in the non-steroidogenic organs. In contrast to Ro 5-4864, PK 11195 treatment down-regulated renal PBR. Clonazepam elevated adrenal PBR. On the serum hormonal level, Ro 5-4864 suppressed estradiol secretion. The other ligands did not affect hormonal steroid levels. It appears that in female rats, at least at these doses and dosing schedules, there is no correlation between the impact of chronic in vivo exposure to these agents on PBR density and ovarian and adrenal hormone levels.