Abstract
In budding yeast, DNA damage can activate a checkpoint surveillance system controlled by the RAD9, RAD53, and MEC1 genes, resulting in a delay in cell cycle progression. Here, I report that DNA damage induces rapid and extensive phosphorylation of Rad9p in a manner that correlates directly with checkpoint activation. This response is dependent on MEC1, which encodes a member of the evolutionarily conserved ATM family of protein kinases, and on gene products of the RAD24 epistasis group, which have been implicated in the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. Since the phosphorylated form of Rad9p appears capable of interacting stably with Rad53p in vivo, this phosphorylation response likely controls checkpoint signaling by Rad9p.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Cell Cycle
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Cell Cycle Proteins*
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Checkpoint Kinase 2
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DNA Damage*
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DNA Repair
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DNA, Fungal / genetics
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DNA, Fungal / metabolism
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Fungal Proteins / genetics
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Fungal Proteins / metabolism*
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Genes, Fungal
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Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
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Models, Biological
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Phosphorylation
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Protein Kinases / genetics
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Protein Kinases / metabolism
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases*
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae / cytology
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae / metabolism
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins*
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Signal Transduction
Substances
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Cell Cycle Proteins
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DNA, Fungal
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Fungal Proteins
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Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
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rad9 protein
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Protein Kinases
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Checkpoint Kinase 2
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MEC1 protein, S cerevisiae
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
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RAD53 protein, S cerevisiae