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Review ArticleReview

The Sympathetic Nerve—An Integrative Interface between Two Supersystems: The Brain and the Immune System

Ilia J. Elenkov, Ronald L. Wilder, George P. Chrousos and E. Sylvester Vizi
Pharmacological Reviews December 2000, 52 (4) 595-638;
Ilia J. Elenkov
1 2 3 4
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Ronald L. Wilder
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George P. Chrousos
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E. Sylvester Vizi
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Article Information

vol. 52 no. 4 595-638

Published By 
American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Print ISSN 
0031-6997
Online ISSN 
1521-0081
History 
  • Published online December 1, 2000.

Copyright & Usage 
The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

Author Information

  1. Ilia J. Elenkov1,2,
  2. Ronald L. Wilder1,
  3. George P. Chrousos2, and
  4. E. Sylvester Vizi1,3,4
  1. 1Inflammatory Joint Diseases Section, Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (I.J.E., R.L.W.); 2Pediatric Endocrinology Section, Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (I.J.E., G.P.C.); 3Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (E.S.V.); and 4Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.S.V.)
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Pharmacological Reviews: 52 (4)
Pharmacological Reviews
Vol. 52, Issue 4
1 Dec 2000
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Review ArticleReview

The Sympathetic Nerve—An Integrative Interface between Two Supersystems: The Brain and the Immune System

Ilia J. Elenkov, Ronald L. Wilder, George P. Chrousos and E. Sylvester Vizi
Pharmacological Reviews December 1, 2000, 52 (4) 595-638;

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Review ArticleReview

The Sympathetic Nerve—An Integrative Interface between Two Supersystems: The Brain and the Immune System

Ilia J. Elenkov, Ronald L. Wilder, George P. Chrousos and E. Sylvester Vizi
Pharmacological Reviews December 1, 2000, 52 (4) 595-638;
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • I. Introduction
    • II. Anatomy and Physiology of the Autonomic Nervous System
    • III. Autonomic/Sympathetic Innervation of Lymphoid Organs: Nonsynaptic Communication
    • IV. Nonsynaptic Release of Norepinephrine in Lymphoid Organs: Presynaptic Modulation and Effect of Drugs
    • V. Systemic and Local Effects of Cytokines on Sympathetic Nervous System Activity
    • VI. Expression of Adrenoreceptors on Lymphoid Cells: Signal Transduction
    • VII. Role of Sympathetic Innervation in Immune System Development and Hematopoiesis
    • VIII. Sympathetic Control of Lymphocyte Traffic and Circulation
    • IX. Modulation of Lymphocyte Proliferation and K+Channel Conductance
    • X. Modulation of cellular and humoral immunity by catecholamines
    • XI. Role of Growth Factors in Sympathetic Nervous System Development and Modulation of the Immune Response
    • XII. Physiologic Control of the Sympathetic-Immune Interface: β-Adrenergic Receptor Expression, Coupling, and Desensitization
    • XIII. Clinical Implications
    • XIV. Pharmacological Manipulation of the Sympathetic-Immune Interface
    • XV. Conclusions
    • Footnotes
    • Abbreviations
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
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