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Review ArticleReview

The Sympathetic Nerve—An Integrative Interface between Two Supersystems: The Brain and the Immune System

Ilia J. Elenkov, Ronald L. Wilder, George P. Chrousos and E. Sylvester Vizi
Pharmacological Reviews December 2000, 52 (4) 595-638;
Ilia J. Elenkov
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Ronald L. Wilder
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George P. Chrousos
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E. Sylvester Vizi
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Pharmacological Reviews: 52 (4)
Pharmacological Reviews
Vol. 52, Issue 4
1 Dec 2000
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Review ArticleReview

The Sympathetic Nerve—An Integrative Interface between Two Supersystems: The Brain and the Immune System

Ilia J. Elenkov, Ronald L. Wilder, George P. Chrousos and E. Sylvester Vizi
Pharmacological Reviews December 1, 2000, 52 (4) 595-638;

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Review ArticleReview

The Sympathetic Nerve—An Integrative Interface between Two Supersystems: The Brain and the Immune System

Ilia J. Elenkov, Ronald L. Wilder, George P. Chrousos and E. Sylvester Vizi
Pharmacological Reviews December 1, 2000, 52 (4) 595-638;
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • I. Introduction
    • II. Anatomy and Physiology of the Autonomic Nervous System
    • III. Autonomic/Sympathetic Innervation of Lymphoid Organs: Nonsynaptic Communication
    • IV. Nonsynaptic Release of Norepinephrine in Lymphoid Organs: Presynaptic Modulation and Effect of Drugs
    • V. Systemic and Local Effects of Cytokines on Sympathetic Nervous System Activity
    • VI. Expression of Adrenoreceptors on Lymphoid Cells: Signal Transduction
    • VII. Role of Sympathetic Innervation in Immune System Development and Hematopoiesis
    • VIII. Sympathetic Control of Lymphocyte Traffic and Circulation
    • IX. Modulation of Lymphocyte Proliferation and K+Channel Conductance
    • X. Modulation of cellular and humoral immunity by catecholamines
    • XI. Role of Growth Factors in Sympathetic Nervous System Development and Modulation of the Immune Response
    • XII. Physiologic Control of the Sympathetic-Immune Interface: β-Adrenergic Receptor Expression, Coupling, and Desensitization
    • XIII. Clinical Implications
    • XIV. Pharmacological Manipulation of the Sympathetic-Immune Interface
    • XV. Conclusions
    • Footnotes
    • Abbreviations
    • References
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