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Review ArticleReview

The Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “Ecstasy”)

A. Richard Green, Annis O. Mechan, J. Martin Elliott, Esther O'Shea and M. Isabel Colado
Pharmacological Reviews September 2003, 55 (3) 463-508; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.55.3.3
A. Richard Green
Neuropharmacology Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.R.G., A.O.M., J.M.E.); AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, United Kingdom (A.R.G.); and Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (E.O., M.I.C.)
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Annis O. Mechan
Neuropharmacology Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.R.G., A.O.M., J.M.E.); AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, United Kingdom (A.R.G.); and Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (E.O., M.I.C.)
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J. Martin Elliott
Neuropharmacology Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.R.G., A.O.M., J.M.E.); AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, United Kingdom (A.R.G.); and Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (E.O., M.I.C.)
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Esther O'Shea
Neuropharmacology Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.R.G., A.O.M., J.M.E.); AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, United Kingdom (A.R.G.); and Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (E.O., M.I.C.)
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M. Isabel Colado
Neuropharmacology Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.R.G., A.O.M., J.M.E.); AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, United Kingdom (A.R.G.); and Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (E.O., M.I.C.)
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Article Information

vol. 55 no. 3 463-508
DOI 
https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.55.3.3
PubMed 
12869661

Published By 
American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Print ISSN 
0031-6997
Online ISSN 
1521-0081
History 
  • Published online August 12, 2003.

Article Versions

  • Earlier version (July 17, 2003 - 12:26).
  • You are viewing the most recent version of this article.
Copyright & Usage 
The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

Author Information

  1. A. Richard Green,
  2. Annis O. Mechan1,
  3. J. Martin Elliott,
  4. Esther O'Shea, and
  5. M. Isabel Colado
  1. Neuropharmacology Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom (A.R.G., A.O.M., J.M.E.); AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, United Kingdom (A.R.G.); and Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (E.O., M.I.C.)
  1. Address correspondence to: Dr. A. Richard Green, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, LE11 5RH, UK. E-mail: richard.green{at}astrazeneca.com
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Pharmacological Reviews: 55 (3)
Pharmacological Reviews
Vol. 55, Issue 3
1 Sep 2003
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Review ArticleReview

The Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “Ecstasy”)

A. Richard Green, Annis O. Mechan, J. Martin Elliott, Esther O'Shea and M. Isabel Colado
Pharmacological Reviews September 1, 2003, 55 (3) 463-508; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.55.3.3

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Review ArticleReview

The Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “Ecstasy”)

A. Richard Green, Annis O. Mechan, J. Martin Elliott, Esther O'Shea and M. Isabel Colado
Pharmacological Reviews September 1, 2003, 55 (3) 463-508; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.55.3.3
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • I. Introduction
    • II. Epidemiological Studies on the Use of MDMA
    • III. Acute Effects of MDMA in Experimental Animals
    • IV. Long-Term Effects (Neurotoxicity) in Experimental Animals
    • V. Effects of MDMA in Humans
    • VI. Metabolism of MDMA
    • VII. Conclusions
    • Acknowledgments
    • Footnotes
    • References
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