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Review ArticleReview Article

The Conserved Scavenger Receptor Cysteine-Rich Superfamily in Therapy and Diagnosis

Vanesa Gabriela Martínez, Søren Kragh Moestrup, Uffe Holmskov, Jan Mollenhauer and Francisco Lozano
David R. Sibley, ASSOCIATE EDITOR
Pharmacological Reviews December 2011, 63 (4) 967-1000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.111.004523
Vanesa Gabriela Martínez
Center Esther Koplowitz. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (V.G.M., F.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (S.K.M.); Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (U.H., J.M.); Servei d'Immunologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.L.); and Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.L.)
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Søren Kragh Moestrup
Center Esther Koplowitz. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (V.G.M., F.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (S.K.M.); Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (U.H., J.M.); Servei d'Immunologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.L.); and Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.L.)
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Uffe Holmskov
Center Esther Koplowitz. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (V.G.M., F.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (S.K.M.); Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (U.H., J.M.); Servei d'Immunologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.L.); and Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.L.)
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Jan Mollenhauer
Center Esther Koplowitz. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (V.G.M., F.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (S.K.M.); Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (U.H., J.M.); Servei d'Immunologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.L.); and Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.L.)
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Francisco Lozano
Center Esther Koplowitz. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (V.G.M., F.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (S.K.M.); Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (U.H., J.M.); Servei d'Immunologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.L.); and Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.L.)
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David R. Sibley
Center Esther Koplowitz. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (V.G.M., F.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (S.K.M.); Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (U.H., J.M.); Servei d'Immunologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.L.); and Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.L.)
Roles: ASSOCIATE EDITOR
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Abstract

The scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily of soluble or membrane-bound protein receptors is characterized by the presence of one or several repeats of an ancient and highly conserved protein module, the SRCR domain. This superfamily (SRCR-SF) has been in constant and progressive expansion, now up to more than 30 members. The study of these members is attracting growing interest, which parallels that in innate immunity. No unifying function has been described to date for the SRCR domains, this being the result of the limited knowledge still available on the physiology of most members of the SRCR-SF, but also of the sequence versatility of the SRCR domains. Indeed, involvement of SRCR-SF members in quite different functions, such as pathogen recognition, modulation of the immune response, epithelial homeostasis, stem cell biology, and tumor development, have all been described. This has brought to us new information, unveiling the possibility that targeting or supplementing SRCR-SF proteins could result in diagnostic and/or therapeutic benefit for a number of physiologic and pathologic states. Recent research has provided structural and functional insight into these proteins, facilitating the development of means to modulate the activity of SRCR-SF members. Indeed, some of these approaches are already in use, paving the way for a more comprehensive use of SRCR-SF members in the clinic. The present review will illustrate some available evidence on the potential of well known and new members of the SRCR-SF in this regard.

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  • This article is available online at http://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org.

    doi:10.1124/pr.111.004523.

  • © 2011 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Pharmacological Reviews: 63 (4)
Pharmacological Reviews
Vol. 63, Issue 4
1 Dec 2011
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Review ArticleReview Article

THE SRCR SUPERFAMILY IN THERAPY AND DIAGNOSIS

Vanesa Gabriela Martínez, Søren Kragh Moestrup, Uffe Holmskov, Jan Mollenhauer and Francisco Lozano
Pharmacological Reviews December 1, 2011, 63 (4) 967-1000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.111.004523

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Review ArticleReview Article

THE SRCR SUPERFAMILY IN THERAPY AND DIAGNOSIS

Vanesa Gabriela Martínez, Søren Kragh Moestrup, Uffe Holmskov, Jan Mollenhauer and Francisco Lozano
Pharmacological Reviews December 1, 2011, 63 (4) 967-1000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.111.004523
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • I. Introduction
    • II. The Scavenger Receptor Cysteine-Rich Superfamily
    • III. Class A Macrophage Scavenger Receptor Type I: the Prototypical Scavenger Receptor
    • IV. MARCO: A Macrophage Surface Receptor with Collagenous Structure
    • V. Mac-2 Binding Protein: a Tumor-Associated Antigen
    • VI. SCARA5: A Newcomer into the Family
    • VII. CD5 and CD6: Innate and Adaptive Lymphocyte Surface Receptors
    • VIII. CD163: the Hemoglobin Receptor and More
    • IX. DMBT1/gp340/Salivary Agglutinin: an Antioncogene with Broad Protective Functions
    • X. Spα/AIM/Api6/CD5L: An Antiapoptotic Protein Secreted by Macrophages
    • XI. Concluding Remarks
    • Acknowledgments
    • Authorship Contributions
    • Footnotes
    • References
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