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Open Access

Botulinum Neurotoxins: Biology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology

Marco Pirazzini, Ornella Rossetto, Roberto Eleopra and Cesare Montecucco
Jeffrey M. Witkin, ASSOCIATE EDITOR
Pharmacological Reviews April 2017, 69 (2) 200-235; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.116.012658
Marco Pirazzini
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy (M.P., O.R., C.M.); Neurologic Department, University-Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy (R.E.); and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Italy (C.M.)
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Ornella Rossetto
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy (M.P., O.R., C.M.); Neurologic Department, University-Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy (R.E.); and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Italy (C.M.)
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Roberto Eleopra
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy (M.P., O.R., C.M.); Neurologic Department, University-Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy (R.E.); and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Italy (C.M.)
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Cesare Montecucco
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy (M.P., O.R., C.M.); Neurologic Department, University-Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy (R.E.); and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Italy (C.M.)
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Jeffrey M. Witkin
Roles: ASSOCIATE EDITOR
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Pharmacological Reviews: 69 (2)
Pharmacological Reviews
Vol. 69, Issue 2
1 Apr 2017
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Review ArticleReview Article

Biological Actions of Botulinum Neurotoxins

Marco Pirazzini, Ornella Rossetto, Roberto Eleopra and Cesare Montecucco
Pharmacological Reviews April 1, 2017, 69 (2) 200-235; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.116.012658

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Review ArticleReview Article

Biological Actions of Botulinum Neurotoxins

Marco Pirazzini, Ornella Rossetto, Roberto Eleopra and Cesare Montecucco
Pharmacological Reviews April 1, 2017, 69 (2) 200-235; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.116.012658
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • I. Introduction
    • II. Biology
    • III. Pharmacology
    • IV. Toxicity of Botulinum Neurotoxins
    • V. Conclusions
    • Acknowledgments
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