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Review ArticleReview Article

New Aspects of Diabetes Research and Therapeutic Development

Leslie S. Satin, Scott A. Soleimanpour and Emily M. Walker
Lori Isom, ASSOCIATE EDITOR
Pharmacological Reviews July 2021, 73 (3) 1001-1015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pharmrev.120.000160
Leslie S. Satin
Department of Pharmacology (L.S.S.), Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine (L.S.S., S.A.S., E.M.W.), and Brehm Diabetes Center (L.S.S., S.A.S., E.M.W.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan (S.A.S.)
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Scott A. Soleimanpour
Department of Pharmacology (L.S.S.), Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine (L.S.S., S.A.S., E.M.W.), and Brehm Diabetes Center (L.S.S., S.A.S., E.M.W.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan (S.A.S.)
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Emily M. Walker
Department of Pharmacology (L.S.S.), Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine (L.S.S., S.A.S., E.M.W.), and Brehm Diabetes Center (L.S.S., S.A.S., E.M.W.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan (S.A.S.)
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Lori Isom
Roles: ASSOCIATE EDITOR
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Abstract

Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus are advancing at exponential rates, placing significant burdens on health care networks worldwide. Although traditional pharmacologic therapies such as insulin and oral antidiabetic stalwarts like metformin and the sulfonylureas continue to be used, newer drugs are now on the market targeting novel blood glucose–lowering pathways. Furthermore, exciting new developments in the understanding of beta cell and islet biology are driving the potential for treatments targeting incretin action, islet transplantation with new methods for immunologic protection, and the generation of functional beta cells from stem cells. Here we discuss the mechanistic details underlying past, present, and future diabetes therapies and evaluate their potential to treat and possibly reverse type 1 and 2 diabetes in humans.

Significance Statement Diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic proportions in the developed and developing world alike. As the last several years have seen many new developments in the field, a new and up to date review of these advances and their careful evaluation will help both clinical and research diabetologists to better understand where the field is currently heading.

Footnotes

  • This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) [Grant R01-DK46409] (to L.S.S.), [Grant R01-DK108921] (to S.A.S.), and [Grant P30-DK020572 pilot and feasibility grant] (to S.A.S.), the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) [Grant CDA-2016-189] (to L.S.S. and S.A.S.), [Grant SRA-2018-539] (to S.A.S.), and [Grant COE-2019-861] (to S.A.S.), and the US Department of Veterans Affairs [Grant I01 BX004444] (to S.A.S.). The JDRF Career Development Award to S.A.S. is partly supported by the Danish Diabetes Academy and the Novo Nordisk Foundation.

  • https://doi.org/10.1124/pharmrev.120.000160

  • U.S. Government work not protected by U.S. copyright.
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Pharmacological Reviews: 73 (3)
Pharmacological Reviews
Vol. 73, Issue 3
1 Jul 2021
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Review ArticleReview Article

New Therapies for Diabetes

Leslie S. Satin, Scott A. Soleimanpour and Emily M. Walker
Pharmacological Reviews July 1, 2021, 73 (3) 1001-1015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pharmrev.120.000160

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Review ArticleReview Article

New Therapies for Diabetes

Leslie S. Satin, Scott A. Soleimanpour and Emily M. Walker
Pharmacological Reviews July 1, 2021, 73 (3) 1001-1015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pharmrev.120.000160
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