TY - JOUR T1 - International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CV. Somatostatin Receptors: Structure, Function, Ligands, and New Nomenclature JF - Pharmacological Reviews JO - Pharmacol Rev SP - 763 LP - 835 DO - 10.1124/pr.117.015388 VL - 70 IS - 4 AU - Thomas Günther AU - Giovanni Tulipano AU - Pascal Dournaud AU - Corinne Bousquet AU - Zsolt Csaba AU - Hans-Jürgen Kreienkamp AU - Amelie Lupp AU - Márta Korbonits AU - Justo P. Castaño AU - Hans-Jürgen Wester AU - Michael Culler AU - Shlomo Melmed AU - Stefan Schulz A2 - Ohlstein, Eliot H. Y1 - 2018/10/01 UR - http://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/content/70/4/763.abstract N2 - Somatostatin, also known as somatotropin-release inhibitory factor, is a cyclopeptide that exerts potent inhibitory actions on hormone secretion and neuronal excitability. Its physiologic functions are mediated by five G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) called somatostatin receptor (SST)1–5. These five receptors share common structural features and signaling mechanisms but differ in their cellular and subcellular localization and mode of regulation. SST2 and SST5 receptors have evolved as primary targets for pharmacological treatment of pituitary adenomas and neuroendocrine tumors. In addition, SST2 is a prototypical GPCR for the development of peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. This review article summarizes findings published in the last 25 years on the physiology, pharmacology, and clinical applications related to SSTs. We also discuss potential future developments and propose a new nomenclature. ER -