RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CIX. Differences and Similarities between Human and Rodent Prostaglandin E2 Receptors (EP1–4) and Prostacyclin Receptor (IP): Specific Roles in Pathophysiologic Conditions JF Pharmacological Reviews JO Pharmacol Rev FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics SP 910 OP 968 DO 10.1124/pr.120.019331 VO 72 IS 4 A1 Xavier Norel A1 Yukihiko Sugimoto A1 Gulsev Ozen A1 Heba Abdelazeem A1 Yasmine Amgoud A1 Amel Bouhadoun A1 Wesam Bassiouni A1 Marie Goepp A1 Salma Mani A1 Hasanga D. Manikpurage A1 Amira Senbel A1 Dan Longrois A1 Akos Heinemann A1 Chengcan Yao A1 Lucie H. Clapp A2 Eliot H. Ohlstein YR 2020 UL http://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/content/72/4/910.abstract AB Prostaglandins are derived from arachidonic acid metabolism through cyclooxygenase activities. Among prostaglandins (PGs), prostacyclin (PGI2) and PGE2 are strongly involved in the regulation of homeostasis and main physiologic functions. In addition, the synthesis of these two prostaglandins is significantly increased during inflammation. PGI2 and PGE2 exert their biologic actions by binding to their respective receptors, namely prostacyclin receptor (IP) and prostaglandin E2 receptor (EP) 1–4, which belong to the family of G-protein–coupled receptors. IP and EP1–4 receptors are widely distributed in the body and thus play various physiologic and pathophysiologic roles. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in studies using pharmacological approaches, genetically modified animals, and genome-wide association studies regarding the roles of IP and EP1–4 receptors in the immune, cardiovascular, nervous, gastrointestinal, respiratory, genitourinary, and musculoskeletal systems. In particular, we highlight similarities and differences between human and rodents in terms of the specific roles of IP and EP1–4 receptors and their downstream signaling pathways, functions, and activities for each biologic system. We also highlight the potential novel therapeutic benefit of targeting IP and EP1–4 receptors in several diseases based on the scientific advances, animal models, and human studies.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this review, we present an update of the pathophysiologic role of the prostacyclin receptor, prostaglandin E2 receptor (EP) 1, EP2, EP3, and EP4 receptors when activated by the two main prostaglandins, namely prostacyclin and prostaglandin E2, produced during inflammatory conditions in human and rodents. In addition, this comparison of the published results in each tissue and/or pathology should facilitate the choice of the most appropriate model for the future studies.